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Separation of Mixtures - Coggle Diagram
Separation of Mixtures
SEPARATION METHODS BY USING PARTICLE SIZE DIFFERENCES
Separation by filtration
Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. When a mixture of sand and water is filtered: the sand stays behind in the filter paper the water passes through the filter paper
Separation by dialysis
Separating molecules in a solution by dialysis is a relatively straightforward process. Other than the sample and dialysate buffer, all that is typically needed is: Dialysis membrane in an appropriate format (e.g., tubing, cassette, etc.) and molecular weight cut-off.
Separation by sieving
Sieving is a simple technique for separating particles of different sizes. A sieve such as used for sifting flour has very small holes.
Separation by electrification
Some substances can be easily attracted to electrical objects. As an example, red pepper is such a matter. This property can be used to separate red pepper from the mixture.
Separation by picking up
The method in which substances in a mixture can be separated by just picking them out with the help of a hand from the mixture is known as the hand-picking method.
Separation by a magnet
Iron, cobalt and nickel are magnetic elements.
Magnet is used to separate these metals from mixture.
SEPARATION METHODS BY USING DENSITY DIFFERENCES
Separation by Separatory Funnel
Separation funnels are used to separate immiscible liquids from their solutes. The funnel is usually glass, pear-shaped, and usually includes a stopper and a stopcock.
Separation by Chuck Away
The solids with different densities can be separated without using a liquid.
If the mixture is thrown into the air, the lighter one goes far away.
Separation by Precipitation
Precipitation is a technique used to separate a mixture based on the solubility of its components. The precipitate typically agglomerates, and then is separated from the liquid by sedimentation, centrifugation, or filtration.
Separation by Decantation
Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension.
Separation by Floatation
Flotation is a process of separating mixtures which involves separating
substances by whether they sink or float.
SEPARATION METHODS BY USING SOLUBILITY DIFFERENCE
Separation by Extraction
Extraction is used for the separation of substances from mixtures that occur in nature, for the isolation of dissolved substances from solutions, and for the removal of soluble impurities from mixtures.
Separation by Crystallization
You can separate many solids contained in saturated solutions by leaving them to form crystals. This process is
called crystallization.
Separation by Fractional Crystallization
If both solids forming the mixture are soluble in the same solvent.In such a case,the
separation method uses the change in their solubilities with temperature.
SEPARATION METHODS BY USING BOILING POINT DIFFERENCE
Separation by Simple Distillation
Simple distillation is a method for separating the solvent from a solution. For example, water can be separated from salt solution by simple distillation.
Separation by Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize.
