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THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR imagen, imagen - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Two sides were formed.
        
        The Emperor had the support of the German Catholics, the King of Spain and Portugal
        
        The Protestants formed an alliance with Germany, but they were defeated.
      - The intervention of Denmark.
        
        To prevent a Catholic victory, the Lutheran King of Denmark intervened, supported by England
        
        At the same time, the United Provinces resumed their fight against Spain
        
        The Protestants were defeated and signed the Surrender of Breda in 1626.
      - Protestant uprising in Bohemia.
        
        A group of Protestant nobles from Bohemia expelled the Catholics and appointed a Protestant king
        
        The Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, who was also King of Bohemia, fought against them.
      - Swedish participation
        
        After this defeat, the German Catholics seized the opportunity to take the Protestants' possessions
      - France joined the conflict.
        
        After the Surrender of Breda, Spain and the Holy Roman Empire became much more powerful.
        
        This preoccupied France
        
        Although it was a Catholic state, it formed an alliance with the Protestants against the Catholic side
        
        In 1643, the French army defeated the Spanish troops at the Battle of Rocroi.
- - - - His reign had the following characteristics:
        
        The monarch held unrestricted power.
        
        He had a large court of advisors, who lived with him in the luxurious Palace of Versailles.
        
        He increased the number of officials acting under his orders: secretaries of state, police, mayors and magistrates .
        
        He gave the administrative officials, who came from the bourgeoisie, professional status.
        
        He had a board of governors, consisting of ministers who acted under the orders of a Prime Minister or Chancellor
        
        He expanded the diplomatic corps.
        
        He had an extremely well organised professional army
        
        He intervened in the economy
- - - - Civil war broke out (1642-1648)
        
        between the King's and Parliament's supporters.
        
        Parliament was victorious, the King was executed and England became a republic. The monarchy was reinstated in England in 1660.
    - - Therefore, when King James II tried to reinstate Catholicism, there was another uprising, resulting in the Glorious Revolution in 1680.
        
        Parliament expelled the King and replaced him with William III.
        
        This new monarch was willing to obey Parliament.
        
        In 1689, he signed the Bill of Rights, recognising Parliament's authority, private property and restrictions to royal power.