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DRUGS AFFECTING KIDNEY AND RENAL FUNCTIONS - Coggle Diagram
DRUGS AFFECTING KIDNEY AND RENAL FUNCTIONS
Diuretics
(Furosemide)
STORAGE
Protect from light
Protect from moisture
Store at controlled room temperature between 68 and 77 degrees C
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Orally
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits sodium and chloride resorption by competing with chloride for the Na+/K+/2Cl- co-transporter in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
INDICATIONS
renal disease
chronic lung disease
edema associated with congestive heart failure
nephrotic syndrome
pulmonary edema
hypertension
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
anuria
Pregnancy
hepatic encephalopathy
electrolyte imbalance
Acid/base imbalance
SIDE EFFECTS
polyuria
bladder spasm
diarrhea
oliguria
vomiting
anaphylactoid reactions
VANCOMYCIN
STORAGE
temperature at room temperature (25°C), refrigerator (4°C), or freezer (−20°C)
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
Patients allergic to β-lactams
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
It is available as Intravenous injection
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the growing peptide chain during cell wall synthesis, resulting in inhibition of the transpeptidase, which prevents further elongation and cross-linking of the peptidoglycan matrix.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the growing peptide chain
INDICATIONS
Endocarditis due to Strep, viridans or enterococci
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile (administered orally). NOTE: Metronidazole is currently recommended as a drug to be tried first for mild cases of C. difficile infection, but vancomycin is also effective in the absence of drug resistance (UpToDate, 2011).
Patients allergic to β-lactams
SIDE EFFECTS
Hypotension
Hypersensitivity
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Vasodilators
Enalapril
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Intravenous
Oral
INDICATIONS
hypertension
heart failure
proteinuria in pediatric patients
postmyocardial infarction
MECHANISM OF ACTION
causes arterial dilation, thereby lowering total peripheral vascular resistance.
increases cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume, and exercise tolerance
SIDE EFFECTS
dizziness
headache
blurred vision
xerostomia
angina
hypotension
confusion
confusion
STORAGE
Protect from moisture. Store at controlled room temperature between 20 and 25 degrees C
Protect from freezing
Refrigerate between 2 and 8 degrees C
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
hypersensitivity
ACE-inhibitor induced angioedema
exhibit hypotension
Neonates, pregnancy
NON - TEROID ANTI- INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
Ibuprofen
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
salicylate hypersensitivity or NSAID hypersensitivity
aspirin-sensitive asthma
peri-operative pain
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, by blocking arachidonate binding resulting in analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory pharmacologic effects
STORAGE
Avoid excessive heat (above 40 degrees C). Store between 20 to 25 degrees C
Do not freeze
ROUT OF ADMINISTRATION
Intravenous
Orally
SIDE EFFECTS
Common side effects are
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
constipation,
decreased appetite,
rash,
dizziness,
INDICATIONS
rheumatoid arthritis
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
dysmenorrhea
severe pain
osteoarthritis
Reference
https://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/vancomycin
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Ibuprofen-Tablets-ibuprofen-2618.3945
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Furosemide-Oral-Solution-and-Tablets-furosemide-3283.8405
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Epaned-enalapril-3307
https://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/vancomycin
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Ibuprofen-Tablets-ibuprofen-2618.3945
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Epaned-enalapril-3307