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Liver disease, Inflammatory liver disease does not tend to cause jaundice…
Liver disease
Dx
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abdominal palpation: ascites, hepatomegaly, discomfort or abnormalities in other organs
haematology may show non-specific changes e.g. stress leukogram or if chronic gastrointestinal blood loss or PSS microcytosis may be evident
biochemistry
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ALP can be elevated following corticosteroid administration, with bone disease or young animals
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elevations in liver enzymes common with many secondary hepatic disorders and mild to moderate elevations may not always reflect primary hepatic disease
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common ddx
dogs
hepatitis
drugs e.g. phenobarbitone, NSAIDs, potentiated sulphonamides
toxins
mycotoxins, pesticides, heavy metals
infectious agents
leptospirosis, infectious canine hepatitis
breed associated disorders e.g. Bedlington terrier, cocker spaniel, Doberman Pinscher
idiopathic (chronic active hepatitis) aetiology unknown, possibly immune mediated
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neoplasia e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases
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secondary hepatic disease due to e.g. pancreatitis, sepsis, hyperadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus
Cats
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lymphocytic cholangitis - possibly immune mediated - often associated with pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease (triaditis)
younger cats, bright and eating well but jaundice
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Hepatic lipidosis
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secondary to any disease causing a period of anorexia, leading to massive fat deposition within the liver and cholestasis
vague, progresses to jaundice and encephalopathy
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congenital PSS
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may have signs of lower urinary tract disease due to presence of ammonium rate uroliths or copper coloured irises
markedly elevated bile acids, normal or mildly elevated liver enzymes and normal bilirubin
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neoplasia
e.g. biliary carcinoma or adenoma, mets
secondary hepatic disease due to e.g. pancreatitis, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, systemic infectious diseases
Inflammatory liver disease does not tend to cause jaundice as often in dogs, as it does in cats. In dogs, the inflammatory process involves the hepatic parenchyma, whereas cats almost invariably involves the biliary system