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Impact of World War Two, the Labour Government and consensus (1939-1964) -…
Impact of World War Two, the Labour Government and consensus (1939-1964)
Impact of the war on social welfare provision
Statutes like Social Insurance in Sept 1944 was the basis of the 1946 NI Act
War forced a government coalition government which led to a great deal of cooperation over wartime policy
Success of a state directed war economy increased political and popular belief in the potential of state intervention
Evacuation of children to the countryside opened affluent eyes to the scale of poverty which served as a mirror held up to the country and contributed to acceptance of the need for change
There was a good deal of discussion of the fairshares that should continue into peace time
The success of such policies gave a boost to universalist
A total war affected the rich and poor which promoted universal rationing
WW2 led to a consensus that welfare provision was needed a radical overhaul
Beveridge Report (Dec 1942)
Labour implemented the Family Allowance Act of 1945 which gave mothers 5 shillings a week for each child apart from the 1st - mothers received 1st payment in 1946 and final amount given was less than Beveridge reccomended
NI Act of 1946 created a compulsory universal contributory system to help pay for pensions
Social security was not introduced on a self-funding basis, higher taxation was used to supplement higher pension and JSA
National Assistance Act of 1946 established the National Assistance Board who gave financial help to the vulnerable poor
Labour rejected his call for welfare payments to be met by solely universal insurance
250,000 more people could claim a higher rate of benefits after 1948
Sold 635,000 copies
Government put a lot of time into promoting the new welfare system - Family Guide Insurance was a pamphlet which distributed 50m copies by 1949
Report advocated universal benefits and rejected the means tests introduced in the 1930s
5 giants of want (through NI), disease (NHS), ignorance (education), squalor (rehousing) and idleness (maintenance of fe)