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Periodic Table's Mind Map - Coggle Diagram
Periodic Table's Mind Map
Elements
In the 1860s there were only 60 elements discovered and also their atomic weight.
In the 1860s elements were only studied based on their radioactivity.
Alkali metals
They're soft, shiny, extremely reactive, and starting at the left.
Most reactive elements are cesium and francium, can explode when exposed to water.
Also very reactive, malleable, ductile and good conductors.
One loosely bound valence electron.
They have to be stored in inert gases or oil, to prevent them reacting to the atmosphere.
Alkaline Earth metals
Reactive but not like Alkali metals.
Low electron affinities and electronegativities, 2 valence electrons.
Smaller atomic radii than Alkali metals.
Readily form divalent cations.
Transition metals
Fairly unreactive, malleable.
High melting and boiling points, electrical conductivity.
Exhibit wide range of oxidation states.
Low ionization energies.
Good conductors, also of heat.
Metal, iron, nickel, gold, platinum, etc.
Halogens
Make up a set of extremely reactive gases that form negative ions, or anions.
Also very high electronegativities.
7 valence electrons.
Highly reactive with alkali and Alkaline metals.
Low ionization energies.
Metals, Metalloids, Gases and Nonmetals.
Metals
Solid at room temperature (except for mercury).
Metalloids
Possess characteristics of metals and nonmetals.
Nonmetals
Are brittle solids and also gain electrons easily.
Lanthanides
Silvery-white metals that tarnish when exposed to air.
High melting and boiling points.
Very reactive.
Strong reducing agents.
Actinides
All radioactive.
High electropositive.
Very dense metals with distinctive structures.
Combine directly with most nonmetals.
Noble gases
Fairly nonreactive.
Complete valence shell (8 electrons in the outer energy shell).
Very low electronegatives.
Low boiling points.
All gases at room temperature.