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MHC amino acid sequences varies greatly across the population
There are hundreds of different variations at each MHC locus
Polymorphism is restricted to the protein domains that form the peptide groove
An individual expresses both maternal and paternal genes 2 x 3 MHC class I (A, B, C) and 2 x 3 MHC class II (DR, DP, DQ) molecules. Co-dominance. A total of 12 polymorphic molecules are expressed on your cells.
No two people share exactly the same MHC profile (identical twins excluded).
MHC depends on what diseases are present in that area i.e. people in tropical environment have different MHC compared to people who live in Europe
Tissue transplantation is difficult except between identical twins
MHC polymorphisms are strongly linked to many autoimmune diseases
The T cell Receptor (TcR) is an Ig like membrane molecule. Its gene locus is segmented and undergoes rearrangement.
Graft rejection was used to create congenic strains of mice that were then used in a famous experiment showing that viral immunity requires both self MHC and foreign antigen. Coined the term MHC Restriction.4.MHC molecules come in two types - class I and class II. Both have a peptide binding grove that holds a foreign peptide.
CD4 and CD8 are accessory molecules associated with the T cell Receptor responsible for intracellular signalling through associated tyrosine kinases.
CD8+T cells are cytotoxic and recognise viral antigens presented by MHC class
CD4+T cells are helper T cells that recognise bacterial antigens presented by MHC class II
MHC polymorphism is why tissue transplantation is so very difficult.
MHC polymorphisms are strongly linked to many disease susceptibilities. It is the only part of your genome that is so polymorphic.