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Chapter 4, 1848 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 4, 1848
Definitions :
The People's Spring, a series of revolutions and revolts across Europe. It began in France but affected all countries except for England and Russia
nation-state, a homogenous group of people united
Concert of Europe, the group of quadruple alliance + France. Mainly driven by Prince Clemens von Metternich, chief minister of the Habsburg monarchy
civic nationalism, the forging of centralized, unified, national sates by monarchs from the top down
Popular nationalism, the forging of states from the bottom up and linked to the Enlightenment and revolutionary ideas
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Before 1848
Europe was a mix of nation-sates, especially the center of Europe
The Austrian Empire of the Habsburgs was a mix of German, Hungarian and Slavic people
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All of the powers were in the monarchies, the Quadruple Alliance was formed as a combination of these powers
Events leading up to it
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The Industrial revolution setting social and economic focuses, increasing the importance of the middle class and proletariat
Nationalism, the goal to create a unified nation-state in which the people identify with the other people and the political community
Liberalism
Political liberalism
Grew out of the Enlightenment, Locke, Rousseau. Govt. by consent and elaborated principles of popular sovereignty , constitutionalism, and tolerance of divergent points of view
Promotion of individual rights and respect for private property as well as the law, but would allow a limited monarchy
Economic liberalism
Enlightenment ideas of private property, and more tied to Adam Smith
Limit the role of government, and mostly in terms of the regulation of the economy
Elimination of tariffs and control of foreign trade and reduction of rules that inhibited commercial and industrial activity