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Hitler Becomes Chancellor
Hitler Rises To Power In germany
Facism rises in Italy
What personal characteristics helped Hitler gain success as a leader ?
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What did Hitler believe were the rights and duties of the German master race?
Characteristics of Facism
Mussolini takes control
Facism's rise in Italy
Facism was a politcal military movement that was very new. It encouraged loyalty to the state and the leader.
Conservative leaders mistakenly believed they could control Hitler and use him for their purposes.
President Paul von Hindenburg was advised to name Hitler Chancellore
Facism was not like communism as it had no clear defined thoery or program. However most facist's shared the same ideas.
Hitler then called for new elections, hoping to win a parliamentary majority.
Eventually it reached an extreme verison of nationalism, they believed that nations must suffer and peaceful states were to be conquered.
1920s
Mussolini becomes dictator of Italy
They pledged loyalty to an authoritarian leader who guided and brought order to the state. In each nation, fascists wore uniforms of a certain color, used special salutes, and held mass rallies.
Six days before the election, a fire destroyed the Reichstag building, where the parliment met.
Nazis then blamed the communists. By stirring up dear of the Communists, the Nazis and their allies won by a slim majority.
Facism does not believe in individual rights, and a dictator like government leader.
Hitler used his new power to turn Germany into a totalitarian state
Adolf Hitler was a less notable political leader who had a disappointing early life and volunteered for the German army and was awarded the Iron Cross twice
Meanwhile, an elite, black uniformed unit called the SS was created.
In 1934 , the SS arrested and murdered hundreds of Hitler's enemies.This brutal action shocked most Germans into total obedience.
Nazism was a form of facism that gained traction fast in Germany in the 1920s and 1930s.
The Nazis quickly took command of the economy, including transportation and technology.
1919
New laws banned strikes, dissolved independent labor unions, and gave the government authority over business and labor.
In Germany it had a belief that German race was the superior race. Facism was lead by Benito Mussolini in Italy.
Anger from the war helped Hitler blame the citizens problems on the Jews
Facism and Communism shared some similarities, such as both were ruled by dictators that only allowed their own political party, both denied individual rights, in both the state had all power.
The Germans that Hitler put to work constructed factories, built highways, manufactured weapons ad served in the military.
But Facism did not have a classless society like communism, in Facism each class had their place and their responsibility in the system. Facist parties were mostly made up of aristocrats, industrailists, war veterans, and the lower middle class.
Adolf Hitler was a great speaker
Adolf Hitler also promised to overturn some of the rules in the treaty of Versailles
As a result, the number of unemployed dropped from about 6 million to 1.5 million and 1936
Hitler wanted more than just economic and political power, he wanted control over every aspect of German life.
Both Facist's and Communist's were nationalists and were internationalists that wanted to unite workers around the world.
He also wanted to shape the public's opinion and to win praise for his leadership, Hitler, like Mussolini, turned the press, radio,literature, painting, and film into propaganda.
Facism gained traction in Italy after the 1919 paris peace conference where Italy did not get territories that they had wanted.
Inflation and unemployment started to rise in Italy because of the peace conference. This lead to widespread social unrest, Italies goverment seemed helpless to fix these problems.
Hitler wanted to eliminate the inferior race and promote racial purification
Hitler also wanted to educate the youth and promote unity of German nations as well as dominate the world
Books that did not come from Nazi belief were burned immedietly.
Mussolini came in and promised to rescue Italy by restoring their economy, and buliding up their forces again. He then founded the Facist party of Italy, when Italy began to get even worse Mussolini spoke out against the Italian government for not fixing the country.
Schoolchildren ha to join the Hitler youth, or the League of german Girls.Hitler believed that continuous struggle, brought victory
Facist's that wore black shirts attacked communists and socialists in the streets. With the fear of a workers revolt Mussolini was able to win support from the middle class, the aristocracy, and industrial leaders in Italy.
Hatred of Jews, or anti-Semitism, was a key part of Nazi Ideology and had a long, unfortunate tradition in Europe.
The nazis had become the largest political party by 1932.
In 1919 Hitler joined a tiny rightwing political group.
Within a small amount of time Hitler becomes leader of the Nazi party
October 1922, 30,000 Facits marched on Rome. They began to demand for Victor Emmanuel the third to step down and put Mussolini in charge of the government. This lead to Mussolini taking power "legally" after many threats and acts of violence were commited by Facists.
This group shared his belief that Germany had to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and combat communism and later becomes known as National Socialist German Workers’ Party or the Nazi's
Although Jews were less than 1% of the German population, the Nazis used them as scapegoats for all Germany's troubles from the war.
Nazis would deprive Jews of most of their rights by passing only one law.
1923
Hitler and the Nazi power attempted to seize Munich but fail
Il Duce's Leadership
On the night of November 9, 1938, Nazi mobs attacked Jews in their homes and on the streets and destroyed thousands of Jewish-owned buildings.
Hitler was arrested and tried for treason but was sentenced to only five years in prison. He served less than nine months.
Mussolini was now Il Duce. He first established and outlawed all other political parties except for facism. He used violence and terror to help enforce his rules.
1924
While Hitler was in jail he wrote Mein Kampf
Hitler's final solution plan was to eliminate and exterminate the Jewish population in Europe, which later became known as the Holocaust. 6 million Jews would die.
His opponents were jailed by secret police, censorship was taken into play to only spread facism throughout the country.
Mussolini outlawed strikes and protests, he controlled the economy by allying Facist's with industrial leaders and large landowners. Mussolini had complete control like Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union and Adolf Hitler in Germany.
Nationalism
Hitler stated that the Germans, which he incorrectly called “Aryans,” were a “master race
He declared that non-Aryan “races,” such as Jews, Slavs, and Gypsies, were inferior.
While in jail he He called the Versailles Treaty an outrage and vowed to regain German lands.
Hitler leaves prison
Once Hitler leaves prison he revived the Nazi party which was mostly ignored until the great depression ended Germany's post-war recovery
Self interest: This is self interest because Mussolini wanted to censor everything except for Facism and make him and other Facists the only ones in the country to thrive.
The economic effects of the Great Depression helped Hitler’s cause because the German people were desperate for a strong leader who would improve their lives
Q. Why might Germans have put their faith in Hitler
A. This is probably because Hitler was an amazing speaker and could easily persuade his audience. Another reason is because he made everybody believe that the Jews were the reason why they lost so much, and the Germans were already upset about losing their territory, now they have a reason why they lost it.
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Revolution: This is related to revolution because The former leader of Italy was overthrown by Facists
Civil unrest breaks out due to the great depression and halt of American loans
Scared and confused Germans turned to Hitler, hoping for security and firm leadership
Facism: This is related to facism because Facism in Germany and Italy were very similar to the definition of Facism
Q. What does Kristallnacht demonstrate about the power of the Nazis?
A. this demonstrates than the Nazis are very powerful and that if they want something done, they can get it done. What the Nazis did was that they attacked Jews in their homes and on the streets and destroyed thousands of Jewish-owned buildings. Once this was done, nobody questioned it because they didn't want anything to happen to them because they were afraid of the Nazis, but also hated the Jews a lot more.
Government systems: This is related to government systems because it goes over the system of Facism
Was facism or communism more concerned about the welfare of the people?
Imperialism
Facism was more concered because they believed that every social class played a role and was important to the country.
Hitler promised to get more space through imperialism, by rebuilding Germany’s military and conquering Eastern Europe and Russia.
Why did Mussolini popularity rise will Italies economy dropped?
Concept: Escalation. this could be Escalation because since the Jews weren't doing anything wrong and never were, but they were always worse than everybody else. it was just that Jews would just be maybe beat up and called names and all of that, but then things got worse and Jews started dying and their houses getting destroyed and they were getting humiliated.
Because the people of Italy wanted someone new that was going to be able to get them out of the mess they were in
Why did Facism become popular?
Because countries were starting to suffer and were looking for a way out and that way out to them was through Facism
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Concept Religion: this relates to this because it talks a lot about how the Jews were hated by the Nazis and just the German people in general. I bet the main reason why the Jews were hated so much was not only because they thought that the Jews were the reason they lost their territory, but also because of their religion.