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U11-The Principles of Disease and Epidemiology - Coggle Diagram
U11-The Principles of Disease
and Epidemiology
疾病介紹 10941010A 10941028A
麻疹
R0值
12-18
傳播途徑
空氣
HIV
R0值
2-5
傳播途徑
體液
天花
R0值
5-7
傳播途徑
空氣、飛沫
水痘
R0值
10-12
傳播途徑
空氣
伊波拉病毒
R0值
1.5-2.5
傳播途徑
體液
COVID-19
R0值
1.4-3.8
傳播途徑
飛沫、接觸、糞口
Koch’s Postulates (科霍假說) 10941061A 10941005A
定義
samepathogenmustbepresentinevery
case of the disease
mustcause the disease when it is inoculated into a healthy, susceptible lab animal
mustbeisolatedfromthe inoculated animal and must be shown to be the original animal
prove the cause of an
infectious disease
Exception
Some disease (nephritis) 腎炎can be caused by several
pathogens
Some pathogens can cause several disease conditions
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 結核
Some microbes are hard to be cultured
Mycobacteria leprae (痲瘋)
Alternative methods
Treponema pallidum (梅毒)
Some pathogens (HIV) cause disease only in humans
(ethical consideration)
Classifying Infectious Diseases
10941030A+10941034A
Communicable disease
A disease that is spread from one host to another
herpes
influenza
chicken pox
Contagious disease
: A disease that is easily spread from one host to another
chicken pox
measles
Syndrome
(症候群)
A specific group of signs and
symptoms that accompany a disease
Sign
A change in a body that can
be measured or
observed as a result of disease
Noncommunicable disease
A disease that is not transmitted from one host to another
tetanus
Symptom
症狀
A change in body function that is
felt by a patient
as a result of disease
