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Principles of Language Assessment - Coggle Diagram
Principles of Language Assessment
5 major principles of LA
Practically
Reliability
Validity
Authenticity
Washback
2. Reliability
Consistent & dependable
Students
anxiety, physical or psychological factors, test taker's test-wiseness
Scoring
Rater reliability
human error, subjectivity, bias
lack of scoring criteria
inexperience
preconceived biases
inter - rater Reliability
intra - rater Reliability
test administration
Sounds, Chairs, Desks, Light
test itself
Measurement errors, ex: items, distractors
1. Practically
Administrative issues
Making, Giving, and Scoring an assessment instrument
Cost
Time
to construct
to administer
Ease of scoring
Ease of interpreting/reporting the results
3. Validity
4 Types of A Valid Test
Content-Related Evidence
Direct setting
Indirect setting
Criterion-Related Evidence
Specific Classroom Objectives
2 Types
Concurrent Validity
Predictive Validity
Construct-Related Evidence
Involves Theoretical construct
Consequential validity (impact)
Micro Level
the effect on society and educational systems
Macro Level
the effect on individual Test - takers
Face Validity
students view the assessment as fair, relevant and useful for improving learning
Teachers can increase student's perception of fair tests
psychological State of the learners
Confidence, Anxiety
5. Washback
The effect of testing on teaching and learning
A test that provides beneficial Washback
Effects
Positive
Teachers' Feedback: to diagnoses of strength and weaknesses
Intrinsic motivation, autonomy, self-confidence, language ego, interlanguage, and strategic investment
Negative
4. Authenticity
to stimulate real-world tasks
An Authentic test