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MODALS, (+), (-), (?), (+), (-), (?), (+), (?), (-) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Must have + past participle is used to make a conclusion of the past event
        
        The grass is wet. It must have rained last night
        
        Silvia got good marks in TOEFL test. she must have studied hard
    - - Could have + past participle is used to express an ability in the past that was not done
        
        Fifi could have joined us on vacation, but she stayed at home
        
        In fact, she could not have finished her job on time because she had much time
    - - Should have + past participle is used to express a hope that can't be achieved in the past
        
        Setiawan should have gone to his office this morning
        
        Tio fails to pass the exam, he should have studied hard
    - - S + Modals+ have + V3 + O
      - S + Modals + not+ have + V3 + O
      - Modals + S + have + V3 + O
    - - We use this shit whne we are not sure about somthing in the future
        
        I might see you tomorrow
        
        It looks nice, but it might be very expensive
  - - - S + Modal + V1 + O
      - S + Modal + not + V1 + O
      - Modal + S + V1 + O
    - - Indicates permission (informal)
        
        Don't worry, you can use my money
      - Used to make polite request (informal)
        
        Can I go home now?
        
        Can you show me to the nearest hotel?
      - Indicates ability/possibility
        
        Marcelina can speak Japanese well
        
        Thomas is a strong boy. He can move the big stone
    - - Used to state a conclusion
        
        Riana must be at Dila's house now
      - Used to express necessity
        
        I must study hard
        
        I must come to the meeting on time
    - - Used to make polite request
        
        May I ask for coffee
      - Indicates polite permission
        
        May I enter the next room?
      - Indicates possibility
        
        It's cloudy. It may rain today
    - - It used to state the polite question for asking advice
        
        Shall I revise this paper?
        
        It's very hot here. Shall I open the window?
      - Indicates future plan with the subject I or we
        
        I shall be at home at 7 tonight
        
        We shall attend the meeting
    - - It indicates future plan
        
        Susana will go to Surabaya tomorrow
      - It indicates willingness
        
        I will help you. I know you have a lot of problems
      - It indicates polite request
        
        Will you go to the party with me tonight, please?
  - - - Used to express polite request
        
        Could you tell me your secret?
      - Used to express ability in the past
        
        He is absent now, but he could attend the previous class
    - - Used to express past activity
        
        I would go to the market when it was suddenly raining
      - Used to express past habit
        
        Tyas would cry before sleeping when she was a child
      - Used express polite request
        
        Would you please open the door?
    - - S + Modal + Not + V1 + O
      - Modal + S + V1 + O
      - S + Modal + V1 + O
    - - Used to give suggestion
        
        You should rearrange your schedule
      - Indicates possibility/certainly
        
        Andy should be nine years old now