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PC Crash https:/www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdcwLWaO7vQ - Coggle Diagram
PC Crash
https:/www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdcwLWaO7vQ
OTHER COMMENTS
Various factors taken into consideration
Gravity
Tyres
Wind
Trailer forces
Predictions include
Vehicles path
The timing of the crash
The number of rolls
Other rollover parameters
Stability of certain rollover conditions
Initial speed
Friction
Suspension characteristics
Facilities time and space analysis of object
Simulate vehicle movement before, during and after the impact
Assessment of the correctitude of participants
Actions leading up to the event
Calculate movement of all involved vehicles based on 3D kinetic vehicle models
Marquard Model
Created for two-wheel vehicles, in which adequate coefficients are set by averaging the calculation results in relation to the time of the motion
Burgard Model
Calculate a vehicle’s movement parameters at the moment just after the end of the impact by considering the impulse vector direction and the breaking force depending on the wheel damage.
Software uses vehicle databases, vehicle dynamic models, previous crashes, multi chunk arrangements, graphic modules and 3D animation sequences
Monentum based impact model - needs more research on this to see if it is or whether it is also a stiffness based one. reaserch by me that is
Creators
Dr. Hermann Steffan.
Head of software development at Dr. Steffan Datentechnik GmbH
Masters degree & PhD at Telematics
Founded company 1990
Brad Heinrich
Senior Engineer
Leads the collision reconstruction group in Vancouver
MEA Forensic Engineers & Scientists
Works with collision reconstruction, injury biomechanics, human factors, failure analysis and aviation
Graduate researcher
Masters of Science, Mechanical Engineering
Bachelor of Applied Science, Engineering Physics (Honours)
Investigated thousands of crashes involving motorcycles, bicycles, pedestrian, animals, commercial and passenger vehicles
TOOL STRENGTHS
Enables simulation of movement and collision between
Vehicles and environmental objects (trees, walls)
Biomechanical objects (pedestrians, passenger movements)
Two vehicles (single or double-track vehicles)
Provides three different accident models
Kudlich-Slibar (classic or Newtonian)
Rigidness, using multichunk arrangements modelling
Reticular, external coating, represented by a deforming net
Accuracy and reliability
Human motion
Planar collisions
Rollovers
Software package
No costly subscription-based support or maintenance
Upgrades very accessible
Features
ABS breaking model
Front/rear brake force distribution model
2D or 3D kinetic calculation model
ESP (Electronic Stability Program) model
Steering can also be specified with kinematic and kinetic (default mode) vehicle paths
Specification of driver reaction, accelerating, braking, steering and other parameters
Definition of different road elevations, slopes and friction coefficients in specific polygonal areas
Automatic kinetic calculation of accident avoidance, with either gradual decrease of speed or increase of braking level until impact is avoided
Calculation of the effects of wind and air resistance, including down force and uplift
Interfaces with
Specs (North American)
ADAC
Vyskocil
KBA (as of October 2009) vehicle databases
DSD (Picture preview)
Madymo® occupant modeler
Collision Optimizer Monte Carlo (random) algorithm
TOOL WEAKNESSES
User is able to influence the siltation due to the persons interpretations, input parameters, actions or thoughts
End up with a crash simulation that is unrealistic and impossible by the law of physics
Needs good default values, so the program is useable by every level of expertise and still produce realistic values
Requires accurate data to make accurate calculations
Complex mathematical calculations that not all authors would understand
Cost
$4,999 for one new licence
2-4 licences
Varies $1,999 - 2,999 additional to initial licence
Upgrade costs to new software update
Varies $849 - 2,999 depending on current subscription update
Requires expert analysis to understand how the accident occurred, and they have to work with IT people to accuracy recreate the scene
Not necessarily always admissible in court and requires expert testimonies for the recreation of the accident
Easily argued in court due to lack of hard evidence
Relies on other hard data for accurate reconstructions & measurements
Car crashes
Physic laws
Electronic data that is available
Peer-reviewed & research papers
Testing of vehicles
Physical evidence collected at the scene
Investigators interpretation
SIMULATION USEFULNESS
Credbility
Knowledge based on the author
6000 installations of the software worldwide
Used by
Officers
Police stations
Insurance companies
Automotive industry
Academic institutions
Accident reconstructists
Ability to Colllisions of up to 32 vehicles at one time
Several databases of all common cars and motorcycles
New Features
3D window
Additional increments for slow motion mode (3D onscreen and animation
General
Mouse wheel zoom retains position in 2D window (Google Maps mode)
Crash3 Calculations
Direct import of deformation line from vehicle drawings
Models are validated over 20 years by several publications and countless crash tests
Features
Calculation of distance/time relationship (different diagrams with measurement-capabilities)
Automatic calculation of accident prevention potentials (e.g. accident avoidance velocity, necessary braking coefficients)
Automatic rendering of video animations (Fixed and variable camera positions)
Automatic calculation of post collision movement until the vehicle’s rest position
Indication of point of impact separation speeds or coefficient of restitution in impact calculations
Automatic calculation of primary and secondary collisions using default parameters
Simulation of movable load and its influence on the vehicles driving behaviour can investigated
Defining and calculating brake force distributions between front and rear axle
Extended kinematic modules for fast calculations of pre-impact, impact and post-impact movement, additional modules for velocity-distance-time calculations including avoidance, kinematic pedestrian calculation and overtaking calculations
Automatic calculation of impact parameters (pre-impact speeds and point of impact location) with the collision optimizer using final stop positions
Pedestrian and motorcycle model (multi-body-model), the real vehicle shape is used in the calculation
Scalable pedestrians by anthropometrical data
Camera rotation with pitch/yaw