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Hypoglycemia - Coggle Diagram
Hypoglycemia
Patient Education
Always carry glucose tablets, hard candy, or other sources of fast-acting carbohydrate
If your blood sugar is 51 to 70 mg/dL, eat 10 to 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
If you are less than 50 mg/dL, eat 20 to 30 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates
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If your low blood sugar is severe, you may pass out or become too disoriented to eat
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Pathophysiology
Hypoglycemia is characterized by a reduction in plasma glucose concentration to a level that may induce symptoms or signs such as altered mental status and/or sympathetic nervous system stimulation. This condition typically arises from abnormalities in the mechanisms involved in glucose homeostasis. Hyperglycemia in a patient with type 1 diabetes is a result of genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. These lead to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and insulin deficiency. In a patient with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and abnormal insulin secretion lead to hyperglycemia.