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Septic arthritis - Coggle Diagram
Septic arthritis
Clinical Features
erythematous, warm, swollen acutely tender joint
if hip
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leg held flexed, abducted, externally rotated
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infants often hold limb still (pseudoparalysis, pseudoparesis) + cry if it is moved
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Intro
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Hib was common before vaccine, affected multiple joints
Investigations
should consider underlying predisposing illnesses - immunodeficiency, sickle cell disease
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definitive dx: aspiration of joint space under US guidance for organisms + culture - ideally preformed immediately, before antibiotics
Tx
prolonged antibiotics, initially IV
sometimes joint washout/surgical drainage required if not responding to antibiotics/infection is deep seated
initially immobilise joint, but subsequently must be mobilised to prevent permanent deformity