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Social cognitive theory - Coggle Diagram
Social cognitive theory
Bandura et al. 1961
Aim: to show that observed behavior is imitated
Laboratory experiment
Matched pairs and independent groups design
Procedure: 1) model shows aggressive behavior 2) frustration and anger arousal in children 3) children play with toys for 20min
Results: 1) more aggression from violence observing groups 2) boys imitated physical aggression more than girls, girls more verbal aggression 3)when a male model was aggressive, kids picked up on that more
Strengths: 1) highly controlled 2)internal validity high 3) reduced confounding variables 4) reliability high
Limitations: 1) low external validity 2) ethical issues with children consent and comprehension 3) not representative to a whole population
Ethics: This experiment could be considered as harmful to children; couldn't give consent
Application: applicable to the improved understanding of how and why people adopt and learn new behaviors
DV: # of behaviors out of 240 max in each of the response categories
IV: 1) sex of model 2) aggressive, nonaggressive, control 3) sex of children
Opportunity sampling; 76 children (50/50)
Steele and Aronson 1995
Aim: To demonstrate the existence and self-fulfilling prophecy effect of stereotype threat.
DV: Test score IV: 1)race 2) test description
Laboratory experiment
Opportunity sampling: 114 students from Stanford uni.
Independent measures
Procedure: 1) all students were given a 30min verbal test 2) Experimental group told "intellectual ability" test 3) control group told there was no correlation
Results: 1) both races performed equally in a non-diagnostic condition 2) black participants performed worse in a diagnostic condition 3) white participants performed equally in both conditions
Application: Stereotype threat affects own self-esteem and behavior.
Strengths: high applicability
Limitations: 1) low external validity 2)low generalizability 3) not directly stereotype threat
Ethics: deception, metal stress because it was in a test form