Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Human Sexual Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Human Sexual Reproductive System
Male Reproductive system parts :
Penis: It is the male reproductive organs which become erect when sexually excited.
Urethra: It is a tube which leads to the outside of the body through the penis.
Testis: The testis produces sperms and male sex hormones.
Sex glands: The male sex glands secrete a fluid containing nutrients and enzymes.
Sperm Duct: The Sperm Duct is a muscular tube that carries sperms from the testis to the Urethra.
Scrotum: Each Testis is found in the Scrotum.
Sperm: The sperm is a male reproductive cell.
Female Reproductive System
Ovary: The ovary produces egg and female sex hormones.
Fallopian tube or oviduct: It is a muscular tube connecting Ovary to the Uterus.
Uterus or womb: It is a pear-shaped organ with thick muscular wall.
Egg: The human egg or ovum is the female reproductive cell.
Cervix: It is a ring of muscle at the lower end of the Uterus.
Vagina or birth canal: It is a muscular tube which join the cervix to the outside of the body.
Reproduction refers to the process of which humans produce new organism.
Puberty is the period of rapid growth and development for both males and females.
for males
The Penis and Testis increases in size.
Production os sperms begins and ejaculation occurs.
Hair start to grow at the Armpits
Pubic hair grows.
Voice box enlarges and voice deepens.
Facial hair starts to grow
for females
Eggs are released as part of the menstrual cycle.
Breasts and Uterus enlarge, and hips broaden.
Pubic hair grows.
Hair starts to grow at the Armpits.
A monthly cycle involving Menstruation and Ovulation begins. It is known as the Menstrual Cycle.
Stages in Menstrual Cycle
Day 6 to 10: Repair and growth of the Uterine Lining, the uterine lining grows thicker and become rich in blood capilaries.
Day 11 to 17:Fertile period, Sexual Intercourse around ovulation is likely to result in pregnancy.
Day 1 to day 5: Menstruation. It si the shedding of the unfertilised egg, Uterine lining and blood.
Day 18 to 28: Further thickening of the Uterine lining. The uterine lining remains thick to supply the embryo with nutrients and oxygen for growth.
Premartial sex is the act of having sexual intercourse before marriage.
It creates serious problems such as Unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.
Abortion is the termination of pregnancy.
It may cause feelings of guilt in the mother about ending life of her child. It may also lead to other emotional problems such as depression later.
some reasons for having abortions includes
the mother may be permanently harmed if the pregnancy continues
The child may be born physically or mentally handicapped.
Unwanted pregnancy resulted from rape.
The life of the mother or/and foetus is/are in danger.
The mother is physically and mentally incapable of supporting the child.
The family is not financially ready to support the child.
Birth control methods are used to prevent pregnancies it can either be temporary of permanent.
Temporary birth control methods include:
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped rubber cap with an elastic rim. It is inserted into the vagina and placed over the cervix. It is impermeable and prevents sperms from entering the Uterus and fertilisation does not occurs.
Condom is a thin rubber used to cover the erect Penis before sexual Intercourse. It is impermeable to sperms hence no fertilisation will occurs. It is also impermeable to bacteria and viruses and it prevents the user from contracting sexually transmitted infections.
Spermicide is a chemical that kills or block sperms from entering the uterus. Hence, fertilisation does not occurs. It comes in the form of gels, aerosol foams and foaming tablets. It is inserted in the vagina.
The Intra Uterine device is a piece of metal or plastic that is inserted into the Uterus by a doctor. It comes in different forms. It disrupts the function of the uterus and prevents the embryo from being implanted in the Uterine Lining.
Rhythm method: Couples who practise the rhythm method do not have sexual intercourse during the fertile period as it will result in pregnancy.
Contraceptive pills contains certain female sex hormones which prevents ovulation. It disrupts the function of the ovary from releasing a mature egg each month. It is only reliable when a woman follows the instructions closely but will still suffer some side effects.
Permanent birth control methods include
Tubal Ligation: It involves tying and cutting both oviducts during surgery. It disrupts the function of the oviducts. It prevents the egg from meeting the sperms and fertilisation will not occur.
Vasectomy: It involves tying and cutting parts of the sperm ducts during surgery and disrupts the function of the sperm ducts. Sperms will not be ejaculated during sexual intercourse and unable to make his partner pregnant and fertilisation will not occur.
Most common STI in Singapore are Syphilis, Gonorrhea and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Caused by: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Way of transmission: Childbirth or through sexual intercourse with an infected partner
Symptoms: Losing immunity against common infections.
Effects: Severe weight loss, lung infections and brain infection
Treatment: Incurable and fatal
Syphilis:
caused by: Bacteria
way of transmission: Childbirth or sexual intercourse with an infected partner
Symptoms: Blindness, inability to move some parts of the body
Effect: Heart failure, insanity or even death.
Treatment: Antibiotics only in its early stages
Gonorrhea:
Caused by: Bacteria
way of transmission: Childbirth or having sexual intercourse with an infected partner
Symptoms: Unable to bear children if the disease spread in their reproductive system
Effect: Baby becomes blind during birth.
Treatment: Antibiotics only in its early stages
Prevention and control of contracting STIs include
Avoid sharing instruments which will most likely to break the skin and become contaminated with blood
Use condoms during sexual intercourse to reduce the risk of infection.
Avoid having sex with many partners
Do not abuse drugs and share injection needles.
Ensure that donated blood is screened for HIV and safe for use.
If you go for acupuncture, ear piercing or tattooing, ensure that needles are free from bacteria and viruses are used otherwise, insist on using disposable instruments.