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Indochina, Jayavarman I (r. 657-681) was the last ruler of the unified…
Indochina
Cambodia
Old empires
Funan empire (50-550)
Possibly a confederation of city states rather than an empire, the Funan were overthrown by their vassal, Chenla, who created a new confederation.
Chenla empire (550-802)
Due to infighting, in 682 the empire split into upper and lower Chenla, though historians believe even more factions were involved.
Between 790 and 802, both suffered from raids from the neighboring Vietnamese Champa and the empires at the South.
In this period, Jayavarman II (r.802-835) united the two and drove back the invaders.
Khmer empire (802-1431)
Rise (802-1218)
Khmer conquered the neighboring kingdoms of Haripunchai and Lavo and became rivals of the Indonesian Srivijayan Empire.
To fight Srivijaya, Khmer made an alliance with the Chola dynasty of Southern India, defeating Srivijaya and starting the decline of their empire.
Even though the empire was plagued by political disputes, it was well run by the priests, who grew more and more powerful.
Suryavarman II (r. 1113-1150) briefly conquered Chapa, but lost it to a rebellion and died trying to reconquer it, creating a period of extreme instability.
After his death, the empire was on the brink of collapse by civil war and a Chapa invasion, but Jayavarman VII (r. 1181-1218) managed to reunify it and briefly make Champa a vassal (1190-1220), starting a golden age.
Fall (1218-1431)
The empire started to decline when the Thai people in it formed the kingdoms of Sukhotai (1238-1438) and Lan Na (1292-1775) and the Mongols invaded in 1295, having to be paid away.
In 1350, a coup in Sukhotai led to the of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1350-1767) and an invasion led to the North splitting and forming the kingdom of Lang Xang (1353-1707).
The empire had to abandon its capital due to environmental disasters and their last king, Ponhea Yat (1431-1463), founded the kingdom of Cambodia (1431-1863).
Modern history
Cambodia became a French protectorate in 1863, was occupied by Japan between 1941 and 1945, and gained independence in 1953.
Its monarchy was overthrown in a military coup (1970) only for instability to make it a constitutional monarchy in 1993.
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Jayavarman I (r. 657-681) was the last ruler of the unified Chenla empire, thus having a prestigious name.
In terms of religion, Hinduism was popular among the upper classes, while the lower favored Buddhism.