Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

The Cold War, Significant Events, Citations: - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Political
        
        Although the Soviet Union did not suffer severe international consequences for the crackdown on the Hungarian Uprising, the event did have important effects on the Eastern Bloc and Soviet internal affairs. Most importantly, the rebellion in Hungary exposed the weaknesses of Eastern European communism.
        
        Hungary was placed under strict communist control.
      - Social
        
        Over 2,500 Hungarians and 700 Soviet troops were killed in the conflict, and 200,000 Hungarians fled as refugees.
        
        Events in Hungary were a clear warning to the other countries within the Soviet sphere of influence not to attempt any move towards independence.
        
        If Hungary or the other countries of the East Bloc enjoyed a higher standard of living, there might not have been an uprising at all; the emergence of the protests could be interpreted as a result of the failure of the government to provide for the people.
      - Economical
        
        Reforms under the Antall regime left no sector of the economy untouched, as the reintroduction of the market economy demanded a whole new economic and institutional infrastructure. Despite fits and starts, the first postcommunist government liberalized trade, deregulated most prices, and introduced and executed a wide-ranging privatization policy. Within two years of attaining power, it relaunched the Budapest Stock Exchange and a largely independent Central Bank and initiated the most-liberal foreign investment policy among the states of the former Soviet bloc.
  - - - October 22, one day before the Revolution, Technical University students established the "Association of Hungarian University and College Students" (Expressed 16 claims and organized a rally to the Józef Bem statue of Budapest).
      - October 23, A crowd of 100, 000 people marched to the Józef Bem statue and read out the 16 claims while waiting at the Parliament for Imre Nagy (The reformist Communist politician whom they wanted to change the face of the country).
      - October 23, the 18 m high statue of Joseph Stalin in Budapest's City Park was toppled and dragged to the National Theatre and there broken to small pieces. Afterwards the place where the statue had been standing has been jokingly referred to as "Boots Square". (Since the only things that remained of Stalin's statue were his boots).
      - October 25, thousands at the Budapest city centre's juncture made friends with the crew of a Russian tank row and pinned Hungarian flags on the tanks. When the people saw Russian tanks approaching from another direction with Hungarian flags on them, people began to think they had won. Unfortunately this wasn’t the case. Dozens of people died and hundreds were injured at the Parliament building. Soviet tanks opened fire on the people, part of whom had arrived from Astoria. At the nearby Communist Party national headquarters also wild shooting started among various Hungarian and Soviet units. Rounds by a Soviet tank hit the party meeting room where top party leaders were negotiating with Soviet comrades.
      - October 30, several tanks of the Hungarian army arrived at the Republic Square to relieve the Communist Party's Budapest headquarters which were under siege. After occupying the party headquarters on Republic Square, they dug huge holes in the square, using heavy vehicles. They searched for secret underground rooms because previously rumours spread that the police of the regime kept and tortured political prisoners there, but finally nothing was found.
      - November 11, The fall of the Revolution in Csepel, the 21st district of Budapest.
- - - - Cultural
        
        Economical
        
        The war affected and cost a lot for the Vietnamese government and people. But apart from Vietnam the United States also suffered many negative effects in their economy thanks to the war. The Americans had many effects on the relationship with Vietnam and other countries in Asia and it also was affected by inflation. Thanks to the Americans spending a lot of money on war efforts, this triggered an inflation that had not happened in over a century. The inflation plagued the economy with an over 10% surtax and highest interest rates in over 100 years. This inflation diverted resources from the United States to the war instead of helping with education, domestic programs etc. The United States also held an enormous public debt to Vietnam Veterans.
        The Vietnam War cost 168 billion or 1 trillion in today's dollars.19That included $111 billion in military operations and 28.5 billion in aid to South Vietnam. Compensation benefits for Vietnam veterans and families still cost $22 billion a year. Since 1970, the post-war benefits for veterans and families have cost $270 billion.
        
        Many of the songs written and produced during the Vietnam War served as a calling for civilians and encouraged thousands to actively pursue an end to it. By examining songs that made massive success during the late 1960’s and early 1970’s, people were able to conclude that there is a correlation between the AntiVietnam War songs and the increasing number of people who protested the war. In addition these musicians were not attempting to gain audience of the Vietnam War, rather they truly believed in the music that they were producing. Lastly, the ending of the United States time in Vietnam brought the opportunity for the movie industry to produce and provide many lessons on the conflict. Francis Ford and Oliver Stone were able to excellently capture the mental and physical brutality of the war to help civilians build a better understanding. Their production of Apocalypse Now and Platoon saw massive success in the United States and served as a learning tool for many civilians to assist in developing a sense of consciousness about the events that transpired in the Vietnam Conflict. Everything I mentioned above shows how influential popular culture can be if applied in the right ways and how it can be used as a mechanism to spread and teach ideas.
      - The Vietnam War started thanks to a social dilemma between the people and its regions. The origin of the war started because when the nationalist groups led by Ho Chi Minh’s started to inspire communism to their people thanks to the Soviets and Chinese. The Vietnamese War brought an influx of refugees and Americans. The vast changes thanks to the War and the Americans changed the country completely on the south side, especially in the large cities like Saigon. The population in large cities like Saigon tripled to 3 million people like in many other cities and provinces. The reason for overpopulation in these cities was because the War destroyed and raided hundred of thousands of homes, villages and countryside territory. This forced millions of Vietnamese people and Americans to become refugees thanks to the destruction of the War.
        Another huge factor of alterations in society was the unimaginable death toll. The War killed over 2 million Vietnamese civilians, 1.1 million North Vietnam troops, 200,000 South Vietnamese troops, and over 60 thousand American troops. Apart from the dead there were thousands upon thousands of wounded in combat. The male population decreased vastly during the 70s.
- - - - Extremely heightened tensions between the West and the East in Southeast Asia. Spread the belief of the Domino Theory amongst the American Government. It was the first proxy war between the West and East, many more where to come. Created a strict divide between the South and North Koreans which still exists today at the 38th parallel. North Korea remains a communist dictatorship while South Korea is now a democratic capitalist state.
    - - The conflict completely devastated the industrial capabilities of both Koreas. For a moment both North and South Korea fell into complete poverty. However, South Korea with assistance from the west quickly recuperated and surpassed its neighbor in economic and technological achievements. North Korea today still remains completely isolated from the modern world, many of its citizens live in complete poverty and famines are very common. The Korean war caused American Re Arment, billions of dollars were allocated to the American military industrial complex.
    - - The Korean War happened at the height of the red scare in the west, giving more fuel into the anti communist fire. The armistice and late negotiations left many families separated between North and South Korea. The sheer brutality and destruction of the West when invading the North created deep hate in the hearts of the North Korean people. South Koreans completely alienated their Northern Counterparts. Communists were heavily persecuted and even killed by government authorities in the early Authoritarian South Korean Regime. Nowadays, South and North Korean cultures are extremely different and incompatible due to decades of division, isolation, and indoctrination.
    - - At Least 2.5 million people lost their lives on both sides. Korean society became deeply divided between North and South. Many families became separated by the borders of the DMZ, unable to visit each other. Many North Korean and Chinese POWs did not want to return to their regimes and were welcomed with open arms into South Korea. The Brutal conflict left a lasting mark on veterans of both sides. South Korean society became extremely anti communist. Known South Korean communists were apprehended and brutally executed at times.
  - - - North Korean invasion of the South Korean territories. The deadly conflict took thousands of lives on both sides, including many civilians. Initially the North was able to push the South Koreans back by many kilometers, however with assistance from the United States and the United Nations, the North was quickly overwhelmed by the superior firepower of the Western forces and quickly collapsed near the Chinese border. Fearing the Americans would not stop at North Korea, the Chinese decided to intervene and advance their forces into Korea. Caught by surprise, the Western forces were pushed back to the 38th parallel, where they remained in a stalemate until a ceasefire was negotiated. Technically the war has not ended, and both countries remain ready to fight each other again if it's necessary
    - - Korean Peninsula
    - - 1950 - 1953
    - - The North Koreans, after many years of planning and preparation, wanted to reunify Korea under their communist government. They completely opposed the Authoritarian and Pro Western South Korean state which occupied the other half of the country. Small Skirmishes and a previous Guerilla campaign against the South had proven unsuccessful.
    - - The United States and its Allies, United Nations Security Forces.
      - South Korea
      - North Korea
      - Communist China