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Cell - Coggle Diagram
Cell
Cell Membrane Components
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Integral proteins
They stabilize the membrane and provide chemical reactions (with enzymes).
They are also called transmembrane proteins.
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Cholesterol
Provides stability at high temperatures, and provides fluidity at low temperatures.
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Organelles
No membrane bound
Ribosomes
rRNA and protein, function is protein synthesis
Centrosomes
Made up of microtubules, provides spindle fiber formation during cell division
Single membrane bound
Endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth E.R.
No ribosomes found!, synthesize lipid, can store Calcium
Rough E.R.
Has ribosomes, does protein synthesis
Lysosomes
It has digestive enzymes (if they become free, they destroy the cell which is called AUTOLYSIS)
Vacuoles
Food vacuole
Found only in protists, digest the macro molecules
Contractile vacuole
Found only in protists, gets rid off excess water
Central vacuole
Found only in plants, stores food
Golgi bodies
Provides packaging of macro molecules, produces lysosome organelle.
Double membrane bound
Mitochondria
It is responsible for the cell respiration so it produces ATP.Krista membranes increase the surface area by folding, matrix is the cytoplasm of it that contains DNA, RNA, ribosomes and enzymes.
Plastids
Chloroplasts (found in plants, algae, euglena and some bacteria)
It is responsible for photosynthesis. It has thylakoid membranes that carry chlorophyl so can turn light energy into ATP. In the stroma, it has its own DNA, RNA and ribosomes and enzymes.
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Nucleus
It protects the DNA. It also has DNA, RNA, Ribosomes and enzymes. Inside the nucleus there is nucleolus present. Part of protein synthesis occurs here called 1. Transcription which is mRNA production.
- Translation: mRNA moves out of the nucleus pores and goes to ribosomes by smooth E.R. and tRNAs carry certain amino acids based on the mRNA codes and protein synthesis occurs.
- Golgi bodies can pack the proteins into enzymes or other complex proteins.
Cell theory
- All living things are made up of at least one cell.
- All cells come from pre-existing cells
- Cells are the smallest functioning unit of living things.
TYPES
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PROKARYOTIC
They only have cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome and DNA. NO NUCLEUS and MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
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Cytoplasm
It is a jelly like structure. It has enzymes, water, salt, minerals and organelles.