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Conservatism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - a tough stance on law and order
      - a foreign policy based on national security and sovereignty
      - competition and a political system based around self-interest
    - - Psychological: humans crave safety, familiarity, stability and social order. Too much choice offered by liberalism is unsettling
      - Moral: humans are naturally selfish and greedy. Criminality is basic behaviour and cannot be attributed to socio-economic disadvantage
      - Intellectual: humans cannot comprehend the complexities of the world. Reject ideologies that try to do this, instead relying on lesson of the past, practical experience and tradition
  - - - Humans vary based on intellect, skills, talents etc
      - Different classes perform different roles. Some provide leadership while others do manual labour or raise children
      - An organic society produces natural inequalities
      - This is is justified because the richest bear the heaviest responsibilities and most be paternalist towards those dependent on them - noblesse oblige
      - Authority provides humans with security and support. It makes society cohesive. Authority is limited by natural responsibilities
- - - - a minimal state
        
        self-reliant individuals
        
        rejection of collectivism
        
        elimination of government intervention
      - Promoted by economists such Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek
      - Government intervention cannot solve economic problems or allocate resources as well as the free market
      - Free market must be protected against monopolies, inflation and intervention
      - Keynsian economics gives rise to too much inflation which breaks up the relationship between price-leve and demand
      - Monetarism aims to tackle inflation
      - "Supply side" approach to economic growth
      - Welfare creates a dependency culture and is exploited by politicians to gain votes
      - State services should be exposed to the free market to improve efficiency and productivity
      - Advocates atomistic individualism. External restrictions to liberty, like collectivism and the state, must be constrained (Negative Liberty)
      - Although humans are selfish, they are rational and should pursue their own interests. This creates natural harmony and releases human potential
    - - A mild type of authoritarianism which was a reaction against permissive ideas and reforms of the "liberal" 1960s
      - Unwelcome social changes threatened society with fragmentation and should be stopped with strong authority
      - Social order and public morality must be upheld. Wants traditional structures like the family, hierarchy and patriarchy to be restored
      - Increased police powers and harsher punishments to tackle crime and disorder
      - Anti-permissiveness espoused Victorian values
      - There are two main problems if an individual adopts their own moral code:
        
        they may opt for an immoral lifestyle
        
        it prevents common moral standards, undermining social cohesion. Critical of multiculturalism