Chapter 12: Human Reproductive System

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Male Reproductive System

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Penis

Urethra

Male sex glands

Testis

Sperm Duct

The sperm duct is a muscular tube that carries sperms from the testis to the urethra

The male sex glands secrete a fluid containing nutrients and enzymes.The nutrients and enzymes provide the sperms with the energy to move

The penis is the male reproductive organ which become erect when sexually excited

Sperms are ejaculated through the penis during sexual intercourse

The urethra is a tube which leads to the outside of the body through the penis

During sexual intercourse, sperm pass through the testes, into the sperm ducts and then into the urethra. The sperms pass to the outside of the body through the urethra.

The testis produces sperms and male sex hormones.

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Scrotum

Each testis is found in the scrotum

Female Reproductive System

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Uterus (womb)

Cervix

Ovary

Vagina (or birth canal)

Fallopian tube(oviduct)

The oviduct is a muscular tube connecting the ovary to the uterus

The wall of the oviduct contracts to push the egg along the oviduct towards the uterus

The ovary produces egg and female sex hormones

One of the ovaries produces an egg every month

The inner surface of the uterus is covered with a layer vslled the uterine lining

The uterus is a pear-shape organ with thick muscular walls,

The cervix is a ring of muscle ay]t the lower end of the uterus

The Vagina is a muscular tube. It joins the cervix to the outside of the body.

Temporary birth control method

Diaphragm

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped rubber cap with a elastic rim. it is inserted and placed over the cervix

Spermicide

Condom

Rhythm method

Sexual intercourse during the fertile period may lead to pregnancy because a mature egg is present in the fallopian tube. Hence. this period is also called the unsafe period.

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Spermicide is a chemical that kills or blocks sperms from entering the uterus. Hence , fertilisation does not occur

A condom is a thin rubber tube used to cover the erect penis before sexual intercourse. The condom is impermeable to sperms. Hence , sperms cannot enter the uterus and no fertilisation occurs

Intra-Uterine device (IUD)

The IUD is a piece of plastic or metal that is inserted by a doctor. IUD comes in different forms.

Contraceptive pills

Contraceptive pills contain certain female sex hormones which prevent ovulation

Sexually Transmitted Infections

An infection transmitted from one person to another through sexual intercourse is called a sexually transmitted infection. A person can contract STI if he or she has sexual intercourse with an infected partner