Chapter 12: Human Reproductive System
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Male Reproductive System
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Penis
Urethra
Male sex glands
Testis
Sperm Duct
The sperm duct is a muscular tube that carries sperms from the testis to the urethra
The male sex glands secrete a fluid containing nutrients and enzymes.The nutrients and enzymes provide the sperms with the energy to move
The penis is the male reproductive organ which become erect when sexually excited
Sperms are ejaculated through the penis during sexual intercourse
The urethra is a tube which leads to the outside of the body through the penis
During sexual intercourse, sperm pass through the testes, into the sperm ducts and then into the urethra. The sperms pass to the outside of the body through the urethra.
The testis produces sperms and male sex hormones.
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Scrotum
Each testis is found in the scrotum
Female Reproductive System
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Uterus (womb)
Cervix
Ovary
Vagina (or birth canal)
Fallopian tube(oviduct)
The oviduct is a muscular tube connecting the ovary to the uterus
The wall of the oviduct contracts to push the egg along the oviduct towards the uterus
The ovary produces egg and female sex hormones
One of the ovaries produces an egg every month
The inner surface of the uterus is covered with a layer vslled the uterine lining
The uterus is a pear-shape organ with thick muscular walls,
The cervix is a ring of muscle ay]t the lower end of the uterus
The Vagina is a muscular tube. It joins the cervix to the outside of the body.
Temporary birth control method
Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped rubber cap with a elastic rim. it is inserted and placed over the cervix
Spermicide
Condom
Rhythm method
Sexual intercourse during the fertile period may lead to pregnancy because a mature egg is present in the fallopian tube. Hence. this period is also called the unsafe period.
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Spermicide is a chemical that kills or blocks sperms from entering the uterus. Hence , fertilisation does not occur
A condom is a thin rubber tube used to cover the erect penis before sexual intercourse. The condom is impermeable to sperms. Hence , sperms cannot enter the uterus and no fertilisation occurs
Intra-Uterine device (IUD)
The IUD is a piece of plastic or metal that is inserted by a doctor. IUD comes in different forms.
Contraceptive pills
Contraceptive pills contain certain female sex hormones which prevent ovulation
Sexually Transmitted Infections
An infection transmitted from one person to another through sexual intercourse is called a sexually transmitted infection. A person can contract STI if he or she has sexual intercourse with an infected partner