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Chapter 10 Flowers and Reproduction - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 10 Flowers and Reproduction
Concepts
seeds
sexual reproduction
long-distance dispersal
fragmentation
individual parts of plant become self-sufficient
Sexual Reproduction
combining genetic information from two individuals
Asexual Reproduction
does not involve fusion of gametes or change number of chromosomes
Flower Structure
sepals
sepals
lower and outermost of appendage
calyx
all of sepals together
receptacle
very end of the axis
complete flowers
all 4 types
incomplete flowers
lack one or two appendages
pedicel
flower stalk
carpels
placentae
bear small ovules
ovary
megaspores are produced
style
elevates stigma
stigma
catches pollen grains
carpels
located on highest level of receptacle
nucellus
central mass of parenchyma cells
Stamens
tapetum
layer of anther cells
anther
pollen is produced
filament
stalk
pollen
resistant wall
the plant life cycle
syngamy
producing diploid zygote
gametophyte
plant producing gametes
sporophytes
always diploid
organs capable of going through meiosis
microgametophyte
male gametophyte
zygote
fertilized egg
megagametophyte
female gametophyte
gametes
sperm or eggs
Gametophytes
synergids
help pollen nucleus reach egg cell
embryo sac
multinucleate megagametophyte
pollen tube
absorb nutrients from stigma
Fertilization
double fertilization
one fusion of egg nucleus and one fusion of polar nuclei
karyogamy
fusion of the nuclei
plasmogamy
fusion of the protoplasts of gametes
endosperm
coenocytic and cellular tissue
endosperm nucleus
3 full sets of genes inside
Fruit Development
pericarp
entire fruit wall
endocarp
tough outer layer
mesocarp
middle layer
exocarp
outer layer of skin
fruit
ovary matures
True Fruit and Accessory Fruits
multiple fruit
all individual fruits fuse into one fruit
simple fruit
most common kind of fruit
accessory fruit
non-ovarian tissue present
true fruit
fruits containing only ovarian tissue
Monoescious and Dioecious Species
dioecy
produce only staminate flowers and others that produce only carpellate flowers
monoecy
condition of having staminate flowers on same plant as carpellate flowers
essential organs
needed for the plant to survive
nonessential organs
sepals and pedals that do not produce spores
Seed and Embryo Development
suspensor
pushes embryo into endosperm
cotyledons
give embryo a heart shape
radicle
embryonic root
epicotyl
embryonic stem
hypocotyl
root/shoot junction
exalbuminous
endosperm is absent at maturity