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ARA102 S21 Topic (5) Politico-Religious Movements, 11AM, Group 1, Earliest…
ARA102 S21 Topic (5) Politico-Religious Movements, 11AM, Group 1
Sufism
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Mysticism
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Also know as the malamatiyya community, Centered in Khurasan.
Asceticism
The first stages of Sufism appeared in pious circles as a reaction against the worldliness of the early Umayyad period (661-750), many Muslims resorted to strict asceticism, It all started in Basra / Iraq.
Famous Sufis
Abu Hamid Al-Ghazzali - Persian Sufi, theologian and jurist
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Jalal al-Din Rumi (The greatest Persian Sufi poet) (Inspired the Mawlawiyya Sufi order / the whirling dervishes)
Shia Islam
Ismailiyah (Seveners)
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Chain: Ali al-Hasan al-Husayn Ali b. al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin also known as al-Sajjad Muhammad
Baqir Jafar al-Sadiq Ismail b. Jafar
Imamiyya (Twelvers)
Chain: Ali al-Hasan al-Husayn Ali b. al-Husayn Muhammad Baqir Jafar
al-Sadiq Musa al-Kazim Ali al-Rida Muhammad al-Jawad Ali alHadi Al-Hasan al-’Askari Muhammad (al-Mahdi)
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Wahhabism
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Was eventually expelled from 'Uyayna for disputes caused by his teachings. Supported political rule and legitimized it. He also emphasized on eradicating any foreign acts done by muslims
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Muslim Brotherhood
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it dived into politics with a
deep engagement in a fight against colonial control and Western influence on the Egyptian society
Ḥasan al-Banna had formed a paramilitary wing whose members joined the fight
against British colonial rule and engaged in a campaign of bombings and assassinations
The election of MB candidate, Muḥammad Mursi, in highly controversial presidential elections in 2012 marked a
historic victory for the MB, from a banned party to the leading one
Earliest example of sectarian community.
Movement sparked due to disagreement in the community of whom should have been the first caliph after the prophet's death in 632CE.
Sunni schools of jurisprudence but not sects.
They all agree on major aspects.
They differ on areas where Quran and Hadith do not mention direct laws.
They all had state support, students and books.
Group 1 Members:
Eisa Sajwani B00062895
Leen Ammar G00089321
Huda Al Joakar G00073274
Muhammad Abusara B00072471
Shmayel Al Shehhi G00072902
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