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ARA102 Topic (5) Politico-Religious movements, 11am Section, Group 1 (main…
ARA102 Topic (5) Politico-Religious movements, 11am Section, Group 1 (main room)
Shia
-Earliest example of a sectarian community
-The Shia believe in the theocratic authority of the
descendants of the Prophet’s daughter Fatima and her husband Ali b. Abi Talib
Zaydiyya/Fivers - currently the second largest Shia group after the Twelvers, are named after Zayd b. Ali.
Consider Zayd b. Ali their fifth imam
They are sometimes referred to as the “Fivers”
Ismailiya- are named after Ismail b. Ja’far
who they recognize as their seventh imam after Ja’far al-Sadiqq
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Schools of Theology
Ilm al-Kalām ( literally "science of discourse"), usually foreshortened to Kalām and sometimes called Islamic scholastic theology,is the study of Islamic doctrine ('aqa'id).
It was born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of Islamic faith against doubters and detractors
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Twelver (Theology of Twelvers):1-Ismāʿīlī, 2- Nizari, 3-Musta'l, 4-Hafizi , 5- Tayyibi
Sufism
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Started appearing in pious circlesas a reaction against the worldliness of the early Umayyad period (661-750)
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The introduction of the element of love changed asceticism into mysticism It is ascribed to Rabi‘a al-‘Adawiya (d. 801) from Basral
Wahhabism
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Rejected all kinds of innovations, such as:
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Muslim Botherhood
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By the late 40s, the MB had around 2 million followers in Egypt
Leen Jadallah-g00087238
Khushboo Kumar-g00069239
Mohammad Anas-b00084666
Mohammad Zhill Uwaim-b00080355