ARA102 Topic (5) Politico-Religious movements, 11am Section, Group 1 (main room)
Shia
Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence
Schools of Theology
Sufism
Wahhabism
Muslim Botherhood
-Earliest example of a sectarian community
-The Shia believe in the theocratic authority of the
descendants of the Prophet’s daughter Fatima and her husband Ali b. Abi Talib
Zaydiyya/Fivers - currently the second largest Shia group after the Twelvers, are named after Zayd b. Ali.
Consider Zayd b. Ali their fifth imam
They are sometimes referred to as the “Fivers”
Ismailiya- are named after Ismail b. Ja’far
who they recognize as their seventh imam after Ja’far al-Sadiqq
Leen Jadallah-g00087238
Khushboo Kumar-g00069239
Mohammad Anas-b00084666
Mohammad Zhill Uwaim-b00080355
It is a concept and a discipline is based on the Quran and the Sunna of the Prophet
FAMOUS SUFIS:-
combination of Islamic
Spirituality
Asceticism
Mysticism
Started appearing in pious circlesas a reaction against the worldliness of the early Umayyad period (661-750)
IbnArabi
Abu Hamid Al-Ghazzali
Jalal al-Din Rumi
By the second half of the 9th century there were two distinguished schools
School of Sobriety / sahw
School of Intoxication / sukr
The introduction of the element of love changed asceticism into mysticism It is ascribed to Rabi‘a al-‘Adawiya (d. 801) from Basral
named after Muhammad b. Abd al-Wahhab in 18th Century
Rejected all kinds of innovations, such as:
celebrating the Prophet’s birth
• visiting the tombs of saints
• introducing a name of a “saint” into a prayer
• seeking intercession from any being but Allah
political Islamic movement founded in 1928 by Hasan al-Banna
leading party in Egypt in 2011-2012
By the late 40s, the MB had around 2 million followers in Egypt
He also formed a paramilitary wing to join the fight against British colonial rule
Accused of assassinating the Egyptian Prime Minister.
Then a year later, in 1949, He was shot dead by an unknown gunman.
Hanafi
Shafii
Maliki
Hanbali
Founded by Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man
Founded by Muhammed b.Idris al-Shafii
Founded by Malik b. Anas
Ahmad b. Hanbal
Imamiyya / twelvers -The Twelvers are the largest branch of Shia Islam
Ilm al-Kalām ( literally "science of discourse"), usually foreshortened to Kalām and sometimes called Islamic scholastic theology,is the study of Islamic doctrine ('aqa'id).
It was born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of Islamic faith against doubters and detractors
Major kalam schools
1-Sunni
Orthodox:1- Maturidi 2-Ashʿari
Unorthodox: Muʿtazili
Shia: Imāmī Shiʿa
Twelver (Theology of Twelvers):1-Ismāʿīlī, 2- Nizari, 3-Musta'l, 4-Hafizi , 5- Tayyibi