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:star:SYSTEMIC MYCOSES:star: - Coggle Diagram
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SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
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DEFINITION
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THESE FUNGAL INFECTIONS THAT MAY INVOLVE ANY OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF THE BODY AS WELL AS LYMPH NODES, BONE, SUBCUTANEOUS TSSUE, AND SKIN. THEY ARE CAUSED BY INHILATION OF THERMALY DIMORPHIC FUNGI WHICH EXIST IN TWO PHASES OF GROWTH.
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TWO PHASES OF GROWTH
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YEAST PHASE
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ALSO KNOWN AS "
PARASITIC
" "
INVASIVE
" OR "
TISSUE FORM
"
OBSERVED IN TEMPERATURES OF
35-37°C
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MYCELIAL PHASE
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ALSO KNOWN AS "
MOLD
" OR "
SAPROBIC FORM
"
OBSEREVD IN ROOM TEPERATURE,
25-30°C
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE OF FUNGI CAUSING SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
Coccidioidomycosis
Also known as
Valley fever, San Joaquin Valley fever, Desert Fever, Desert rheumatism.
Etiologic Agent
Coccidioides immitis
Habitat
Soil
Clinical Implications
Pulmonary infection, skin infection, osteomyelitis, meningitis, arthritis, disseminated infection
Growth rate
2-21 Days
Paracoccidioiomycosis
Also known as
South American blastomycosis
Etiologic Agent
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Habitat
Not clearly defined
Growth rate
21-28 Days
Clinical Implications
Pulmonary infection, skin infection, oropharyngeal, & nasopharyngeal lesion, CNS infection, other disseminated infection
Histoplasmosis
Also known as
Intracellular mycoses of the reticuloendothelial system
Etiologic agent
Histoplasma capsulatum
Habitat
Soil enriched with bird manure or bat guano
Clinical implications
Pulmonary infection, oropharyngeal lesions, CNS infection, skin infection (rare), uveitis, peritonitis, endocarditis, brain abscess, disseminated infection
Growth rate
5-45 Days
Blastomycosis
Also known as
Gilchrist's disease, Chicago disease, North American Blastomycosis
Habitat
Not clearly defined
Etiologic agent
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Growth rate
5-30 Days
Clinical implications
Pulmonary infection, Skin infection, oropharyngeal ulceration, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, arthritis, CNS Infection, Deiminated infection
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DIAGNOSIS
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THE DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS OF THE DIMORPHIC FUNGUS HAS BEEN MADE BY OBSERVING BOTH THE MOLD AND YEAST FORM, BUT CURRENT TREND IN MOST LABORATORIES IS WITH THE USE OF THE EXOANTIGEN TEST AS THE MOST CONCLUSIVE FORM OF METHOD IN DIAGNOSIS, HOWEVER BOTH METHOD CAN BE USED FOR STRONG DIAGNOSIS
Sick Patient
Healthcare Facility
Medical Records
Physician Request
Medical Technologist
Specimen Collection
Specimen Testing
Result
1 more item...
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ROLE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST
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THE MEDICAL TECHOLOGIST FUNCTION AS THE MAIN PERSON TO HANDLE THE TEST FROM THE SPECIMEN COLLECTION, TESTING, AND RELEASING OF THE RESULT. QUALITY, SPECIFICITY AND ACCURACY OF THE TEST GREATLY AFFECT THE PATIENT FOR THE RESULT OF THE TEST WILL GREATLY AFFECT THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE PHYSICIAN, THUS THE MAIN JOB OF THE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST IS TO AID FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE PYSICIANS, THUS WE ARE ALSO PROMOTING HEALTH IN GENERAL.
CLINICAL DETERMINATION
RECOVERY SITE
MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY
CULRAL CHARACTERISTICS
Medium without blood at 30 degrees Celsius
Histoplasmosis
Colonies are white cream, tan or gray, fluffy to glabrous, some colonies appear yeast like and adherent to the agar surface many variations in colonial morphology occur
Blastomycosis
colonies are white to cream to tan, some with drops, of exudate, present fluffy to glabrous, and adherent to the agar surface
Paracoccidioiomycosis
colonies are heaped, wrinkled, moist and yeast-like, with age, colonies may become covered with short aerial mycelium and may turn brown, the surface is often heaped with crater formations
Coccidioidomycosis
Colonies appears as delicate, cobweb-like growth & usually are fluffy white but may be pigmented gray, orange, brown, or yellow, mycelium is adherent to the agar surface in some portions of the colony
Coccidioidomycosis
Both Blood and non-blood-containing medium
Chains of alternate, barrel-shape arthroconidia are characteristics, some arthroconidia may be elongated, hyphae are small racquet forms are seen in young cultures
Histoplasmosis
Non-Blood-Containing Medium
Young culture usually have a predominant smooth walled macroconidia that become tuberculate. with age macroconidia may be pyriform or spherical , some isolates produces small pyriform microconidia in the presence or absence of macroconidia
Blood -Containing Medium
Hyphae 1-2um in diameter is present, some are aggregated in ropelike clusters, sporulation is rare.
Blastomycosis
Blood-Containing Medium
Hyphae 1-2um in diameter is present, some are aggregated in ropelike clusters, sporulation is rare.
Non-Blood-Containing Medium
Hyphae 1-2um in diameter present, single pyriform conidia are produced on short to long conidiophores, some culture produces few conidia.
Paracoccidioiomycosis
Both Blood and non-blood-containing medium
Hyphae 1-2um in diameter present, some isolates produce conidia similar to those of B. dermatitidis, chlamydospores may be numerous and multiple budding yeast cell 10-25 um in diameter present
Coccidioidomycosis
Respiratory secretions, skin, bone, CSF, Synovial fluid, Urine, Gastric washing
Histoplasmosis
Respiratory secretions, Bone marrow, Blood, Urine, Adrenals, Skin, CSF, Eye, Pleural fluid, Liver, Spleen, Oropharyngeal lesions, Vagina, Gastric washings, Larynx
Blastomycosis
Respiratory secrestions, Skin, Oropharyngeal ulcer, Bone, Prostate
Paracoccidioiomycosis
Respiratory secretions, Oropharyngeal lesions, Gastric washings, Skin, Nose