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Assessment Principles - Coggle Diagram
Assessment Principles
Transparency
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Transparency refers to the availlability of clear, and accurate information to students about testing.
Validity
Content Related Evidence
The correlation between the contents of the test and the language skills, structures, etc. With which it is meant to be measured has to be crystal clear.
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Face validity
A test is said to have face validity if it looks to other testers, teachers, moderators, and students as if it measures what it is supposed to measure
In speaking test, for instance face validity can be shown by speaking activities as the main activities in the test. The test should focus on students activities in speaking, not anything else
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Reliability
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Rater Reliability
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Intra-rater reliability is an internal factor, a common occurrence for classroom teachers.
Deals with the scoring process. Factors that can affect the reliability might be human error, subjectively, and bias in scoring process.
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Test Reliability
Tests reliability refers to the test itself. Whether the test fits into the time constraints. It means that the test should not be too long or short. The items of the test should be crystal clear that it will not end with ambiguity
Authenticity
Authenticity is the degree of correspondence of the characteristics of a given language test task to the features of a target language task Brown (2004:28).
Teachers should construct a test with the test items are likely to be used or applied in the real contexts of daily life.
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Washback
Positive washback
Positive washback has beneficial influence on teaching and learning. It means teachers and students have a positive attitude toward the examination or test, and work willingly and collaboratively towards its objective
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Negative Washbac
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Tests which have negative washback is considered to have negative influence on teaching and learning.
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Security
Security against the assessment test. The test must be safe and without cheating, such as leaking questions before being distributed