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Encephalitis - Coggle Diagram

- - - - rare
      - may have devastating long term consequences
      - should empirically give high dose IV acyclovir to anyone with sx of encephalitis until HSV excl
      - most won't have outward signs of herpes infection (cold sores, gingivostomatitis, skin lesions etc)
      - PCR of CSF may be HSV +ve
      - destructive infection
      - EEG + CT/MRI may show focal changes, esp within temporal lobes
        
        may be normal initially, need to be repeated after a few d if child not improving
        
        here there is gross atrophy from loss of neural tissue in temporoparietal regions
      - later dx confirmation can be made with HSV abs in CSF
      - tx = IV aciclovir for 3wks
        
        relapses may occur after shorter courses
      - unxted mortality rate > 70%, + survivors usually have severe neuro sequelae