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Principles of Assessment - Coggle Diagram
Principles of Assessment
1. Practically
Definition
Practicality is an important characteristic of tests, it is by far a
limiting factor in testing.
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2. Reliability
Definition
Reliability means the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent results. it is a concept, which is easily being misunderstood (Feldt & Brennan, 1989)
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3.Validity
Definition
Validity refers to the evidence base that can be provided about appropriateness of the inferences, uses, and consequences that come from assessment (McMillan, 2001)
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Types
Face validity
Face validity is validity which is “determined impressionistically, for example by asking students whether the examination was appropriate to the expectations” (Henning, 1987)
Content validity
Content validity is concerned with whether or not the content of the test is sufficiently representative and comprehensive for the test to be a valid measure of what it is supposed to measure (Henning, 1987)
Construct validity
Construct validity is the most obvious reflection of whether a test measures what it is supposed to measure as it directly addresses the issue of what it is that is being measured.
Concurrent validity
Concurrent validity is the use of another more reputable and recognised test to validate one’s own test.
Predictive validity
Predictive validity is closely related to concurrent validity in that it too generates a numerical value.
4. Authenticity
Definition
Citing Bachman and Palmer (1996) in Brown
(2010) authenticity is “the degree of correspondence of the characteristics of a given language test task to the features of a target language task” (p.23)