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Nephrotic Syndrome - Coggle Diagram

- - - - levamisole (immunomodulator)
      - cyclophosphamide (alkylating agent)
      - tacrolimus + ciclosporin A (calcineurin is)
      - mycophenolate mofetil (immunosuppressant)
  - - - abdo pain, feeling faint
      - low urinary Na
      - high packed cell vol of RBCs
      - urgent tx with IV albumin
      - @ risk of vasc thrombosis + shock
    - - hypercoag state due to urinary loss of antithrombin
      - may affect brain, limbs, splanchnic circulation
      - potentially catastrophic results
    - - esp pneumococcus
      - spontaneous peritonitis can occur
      - pneumococcal + seasonal influenza vaccine recommended
    - - not fully understood why
  - - - identified by parents on urine dipstick
- - - - most common
      - familial or idiopathic
      - 30% progress to ESRF in 5 yrs
      - 20% respond to immunosuppression
      - post transplant recurrence common
    - - more common in older children
      - haematuria
      - low complement level
      - decline in renal function over many yrs
    - - a/w hep B
      - may precede SLE
      - most remit spontaneously within 5 yrs