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- - - - signed on 28/06/1919
      - Included
        
        Germany was required to surrender large sections of its territory and all of its overseas colonies
        
        Germany was required to limit its army to 100 000 men who were mostly volunteers
        
        Germany prohibited from possessing an Air Force, tanks, submarines or heavy artillery
        
        A Germany was required to accept full responsibility of starting the war and forced to pay reparations (compensation)
        
        Agreed that Germany should pay 7 bil British pounds (526 bil AUD)
    - - 1920s- Germany suffered economic downfall as they struggled to meet the terms set out in the treaty
      - For other nations it was a time of great economic prosperity
      - America emerged as a victor for WW1
      - Boost in the economy and production
      - Banks started giving loans to everyone
      - Investments increased, which increased stock markets
      - People started taking out loans to invest more
    - - October 24 1929 - black friday
      - Prices of stocks crashed
        
        Millions of stocks sold everyday
        $14 billion lost in one day
        Erasing large chunks of Americas wealth
        People who took out loans were now in debt
        Companies closed down - unemployment increased
        People were receiving 10c for every $
        Money the banks borrowed was lost
        Banks closed down
      - Germany was one of the nations affected worse
        
        Mass unemployment
        Record price rises
        Falls in standard of living
        Workers went on strike
        German currency depreciated in value
        Economy suffered as investors moved their money out of Germany
      - Rise of Hitler
        
        Creation of Nazi party
    - - The National Socialist German Worker's Party
      - Formed in Germany 1920
      - Adolf Hitler elected charman in 1921
      - Ideology
        
        Built on German Nationalism
        
        Antisemitism (hostility towards Jews)
        
        'Stabbed in the back' myth
        
        The idea that germany was not defeated in WW1 but rather betrayed by the Jews
      - Ringleaders had short prison sentences
      - Hitler determined to win power legally but party did not receive majority votes
    - - After President Hindenburg's death Hitler combined roles of Chancellor and President
      - Hitler's government started implementing many plans and policies
        
        Expansion of military
        
        Expansion of Germany's borders
        
        Persecution of Jewish Community
        
        Compulsory sterilisation of Jewish people and people with disabilities
      - Start of war
        
        1 September 1939 Nazi invade Poland
        
        3 September 1939 England and France declare war on Germany
      - Fall of Hitler
        
        Hitler's popularity remained strong for the first 3 years of war
        
        In 1942 Germany suffered severe military losses and German cities were regularly bombed
        
        Hitler gradually withdrew from public life and directed operations from his underground bunker in Berlin
        
        30 April 1945 Hitler committed suicide
  - - - Nations dedicated all available resources
      - Over 8 mil soldiers and sailors lost their lives
      - Similar number of civilians died
      - 21 mil people wounded
    - - Lasted a year
      - Death of over 30 mil people, mostly aged between 20-40 years old
    - - France wanted revenge and compensation for the damages done and wanted to weaken Germany so it would never be able to take up arms again
      - America wanted to achieve lasting peace with a treaty that punished Germany but not too harshly that they would want revenge one day
    - - signed on 28/06/1919
      - German public were opposed to the terms
      - Germany knew that if they did not sign, troops would invade Germany and they did not have the resources to stop them
      - As part of the Treaty of Versailles
        
        Germany was required to surrender large sections of its territory and all of its overseas colonies
        
        Germany was required to limit its army to 100 000 men who were mostly volunteers
        
        Germany prohibited from possessing an Air Force, tanks, submarines or heavy artillery
        
        Agreed that Germany should pay 7 bil British pounds (526 bil AUD)
    - - Main aim was to maintain world peace and prevent outbreak of future wars
      - Encouraged countries to negotiate with each other rather than engage in military conflict
      - 42 countries joined the LON
      - Idea was suggested by the US president Wilson, however, USA did not join as the American people did not want to get involved in European affairs
      - LON had some successes however it failed in preventing another war from starting
  - - - Kakoda Trail campaign was apart of the Pacific war of WWII
      - The campaign consisted of a series of battles fought between July and November 1942 in what was then the Australian territory of Papua
      - The Austrlaina army halted the furthermost southward advance by the japanese forces in Papua New Guinea and then pushed the enemy back across the mountain
- - - - Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF)
      - Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS)
      - Women's Royal Australian Naval Services (WRANS)
- - - - From fall of 1939 to spring of 1940 war in Europe was known as the phoney war because no major activity occurred
      - Attack begins in May 1940 Germany went through the low countries to France
      - By June allied forces are evacuated from French town of Dunkirk to England
      - Campaign lasted less than six weeks
      - Southern part of France was controlled by a puppet government (‘Vichy France’)
      - Paris is occupied June 14, 1940
    - - ‘Operation Sea Lowe’
        -The German Luftwaffe had 2800 aircraft which outnumbered the royal air forces (RAF) four to one
      - August 1940 Germans begins to bomb southern England
      - Hitler hoped England would accept German domination of Europe
      - Postpones invasion until British air force could be destroyed
    - - In September Germans begin the blitz and shift under their bombing to London and abandon invasion
      - Between September 1940 – May 1941, 2 million houses (most in London) were destroyed and 60 000 civilians were killed
    - - Operation Barbarossa
      - Attack begins June 22, 1941 breaking the non-aggression pact
      - Stalin did not believe an invasion would occur until 1942 when both England and France would be defeated
        -Total of 3400 tanks and 3 million men used in the German invasion
    - - September 8, 1941 – January 27, 1944
        -Part of operation Barbarossa
      - Civilians turned dug anti-tank ditches around the city
      - 200 000 red army defenders protected 3 million inhabitants
      - With the help of Finnish, German army invades 2nd largest city in USSR
      - City would be surrounded (siege). Shelling and air raids continued for almost 900 days
      - In 1942 650 000 died during the siege
      - Soviet offensive in 1944 was able to lift the siege
    - - Considered turning point in ww2
      - Goal to take oil fields and control communication lines. Final target was to take the city of Baku
      - Hitler ordered to ‘fight to the last bullet’
      - General Von Paulus surrenders 91 000 Germans taken prisoner
      - Fought during the winter of 1942 to 1943
      - Battle was hand-hand combat, street by street. Over 2 million soldiers involved
      - Germans were unable to secure the city by winter
    - - June 6, 1944
      - In November 1943 Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt met in Teheran to discuss a second front in Europe
      - Objective was to liberate France
      - Largest air, land and sea operation in history
      - The plan involved assaults on five beaches west of the Orne River near Caen (Sword, Juno, Omaha and Utah) by the British, American and Canadian forces
      - 2727 ships sailed to the Normandy coast and on the first day 156 000 men landed along a 60 km front to face 50 German divisions
      - By end of the month Allies have secured the beaches and begin offensive to Paris
      - Paris is liberated on August 25, 1944