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Reproductive System and Harmanjot Singh, period 5 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Contains loss C.T large blood vessels/nerves
    - - Suspensory ligaments
        
        Secures ovary to lateral walls of pelvis
      - Ovarian ligament
        
        Attach ovary to uterus
      - Broad ligament
        
        Encloses suspensory ligament
  - - - Vagina
      - Uterus
      - Uterine (Fallopian) type
  - - - Ability to release eggs and begins at puberty
- - - - Primary sex organ
      - Organs (secondary sex)
        
        Seminal vesicle
        
        Prostate gland
        
        Bulbourethral gland
      - External genitalia
        
        Penis
        
        Scrotum
      - Cover of testes
        
        Tunica albuginea
        
        Capsule surrounding the testes
        
        Septa (septum)
        
        Extension of the capsule that extend into the testis and divides it into lobules
      - Lobule
        
        contains 1/4 seminiferous tubules
        
        Function
        
        Sperm producing factories
        
        Empty sperm into the rate testis
      - Sertoli cells
        
        Provide nutrients and supportive
        
        Sperm travels through the rite testis to the epididymis
      - Interstitial (Leydig) cells-
        
        Surrounding seminiferous tubules produce androgens such as testosterone
    - - male gamete
      - Lives 30 to 60 days after maturation
      - live in vagina for 72 hours
      - Produce several hundred million/day
  - - - Epididymis
      - Ductus deferens (Vas deferens)
      - Urethra
  - - - Root
        
        Attached to body wall
      - Shaft
        
        Contains three cylindrical columns of erectile tissue
      - Glans penis
        
        Contain urethral opening
      - Prepuce (foreskin)
        
        Fold cuff of skin around proximal end
        
        Often removed in circumcision
    - - tissue surrounding the blood vessel which contain most of the blood during erection
    - - Surrounds the urethra
- - - - Gametes (sex cells)
      - secrete hormones
    - - Progesterone and estrogen
  - - - 26 totals
      - 23 pairs
    - - 23 totals
- - - - penis below the prostate
  - - - May have non at early stages
      - Truble urinating
      - Blood in semen
      - Bone pain
- - - - Function:-
        
        Fertilization occurs inside the uterine (fallopian) tube
        
        Cilia inside the uterine tube slow and takes 3 to 4 days towards the uterus
      - Fimbriae
        
        receive the oocyte from the ovary
  - - - b/w the urinary bladder and rectum
    - - Receive a fertilized egg
      - Retain the fertilized egg
      - Nourishes the fertilized egg
    - - Broad ligament:- attached to the pelvis
      - Round ligament:- anchor interiorly
      - Uterosacral ligament:- anchored posteriorly
    - - Body- Main portion
      - Fundus- Area where uterine tube enters
      - cervix- narrow outlet that protrudes into the vagina or opening into the uterus
    - - Endometrium
        
        Inner layer
        
        Allows for implantation
        
        Sloughs off if no pregnancy
      - Myometrium
        
        Middle layer of smooth muscle
      - Perimetrium
        
        Outer visceral peritoneum
- - - - Labia majora- oter fold
      - Labia minora- inner fold
- - - - ovaries leading to the maturation and ovulation of the mature oocyte
      - Made up of follicular phase and luteal phase
    - - uterus to prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized ovum
      - Made up of the menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase
  - - - Day 14
      - Triggered by sudden spike increase in LH caused by steady increase in estrogen
      - Graafian follicle releases the oocyte
      - Rise in progesterone just before ovulation causes basal body temperature
    - - Days 15 - 28
      - Follicle expels the oocyte, the empty shell becomes Corpus Luteum
        
        corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone and estroge
      - secretes progesterone, some estrogen, and inhibin which suppresses FSH
- - - - Day 1-5
      - Decline of estrogen and progesterone
      - Cells become ischemic and die, and are sloughed off or shed (through bleeding)
    - - Day 6-14
      - Estrogen stimulates growth of blood vessels of the endometrium, causing it to double in thickness
      - Thickening of endometrium allows ovulated egg to be caught to cause implantation
    - - Day 15-28
      - Rising levels of progesterone by the corpus luteum
      - Uterus becomes ready for pregnancy
      - Uterine glands enlarge and secrete nutrients to sustain the embryo until implantation occurs
      - LH levels drop due to high levels of progesterone
      - Progesterone levels drop following decline in LH, leading into menstrual phase (bleeding) for the next month
    - - Menstrual cycle ceases
      - B/w 45-55
      - Ovaries no longer responsive to hormones released by anterior pituitary
      - Ovaries secrete low levels of estrogen and progesterone
      - At beginning, uterine cycle can be irregular
      - Some of Symptoms:
        
        hot flashes
        
        Dizziness
        
        Insomnia