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UTI & Pyelonephritis (i) - Coggle Diagram
UTI & Pyelonephritis (i)
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Clinical features
varies with age...
infants
fever, not always present
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children
dysuria
if only sx: more likely cystitis, vulvitis or balanitis (uncircumcised)
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Collecting urine samples
if in nappies
'clean catch'
nappy removed, wash perineum, apply adhesive plastic bag
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Investigations
dipstick
nitrates useful - if +ve v likely UTI, but some children with UTI are -ve
leucocytes
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can be present in any child with a fever, vulvovaginitis, balinitis
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blood
UTI = most common cause of haematuria, but this is rarely the only sx
protein + glucose can indicate other diseases e.g. DM, nephritis
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US
will identify serious structural abnormalities, urinary obstruction, renal defects
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