psychopathology
biological approach to explaining and treating OCD
definitions of abnormality
behavioural, emotional and cognitive characteristics
behavioral approach to explaining and treating phobias
cognitive approach to explaining and treating depression
failure to function adequately
statistical infrequency
deviation from social norms
deviation from ideal mental health
depression
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
phobias
emotional
cognitive
behavioural
emotional
cognitive
behavioural
emotional
cognitive
behavioural
treating
explaining
flooding
systematic desensitisation
two process model
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
use of hierarchy
relaxation
treating
explaining
explaining
treating
cognitive behavioral thearpy (CBT)
ellis's abc model
becks negative triad
used to treat people with a wide range of mental health issues, it is based on the idea that how we think, feel and act are all linked, specifically our thoughts determining our feelings and actions.
challenging irrational thoughts
drug therapy
neural explanations
genetic explinations
a persons trait, thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it is rare or statistically unusual
when a person is deemed as abnormal for not being able to cope with the demand of everyday life
norms are ways people are expected to behave that are set by the majority and people who don't fit all the norms as labeled as being abnormal
limitations
strengths
helps to adress what is normal in a statistical context
fails to distinguish between desirable and undesirable behaviours. the definition suggests that abnormal behavior should be rare whilst it isn't always the case.
limitations
strengths
it helps people identify abnormal behaviour within their culture
what is deemed as normal will differe between social groups and a person of one culture can't decide what should be normal in all cultures. what is deemed as abnormal chages over time meanig that what is considered abnoral may become the norm.
limitations
strengths
instead of defining what is abnormal the norm for mental health is defined and anything that differs from this is deemed abnormal
limitations
strengths
it doesn't look at behaviour meaning there is a much lower chance that cultural behaviours will make it so some people deem others as abnormal.
nearly everyone won't meet all the requirements for ideal mental health all the time, this means that people won't be suffering from a mental disorder whilst being classified as because they don't meet all the requirements.
if a person struggles to leave their bed or go to work/social areas it could be a sign that something is wrong
the definition of this could be taken as calling the abnormal behaviours useful or pleasant for the person as the behaviours may be seen as making it so the person can't function whilst the person feels better as a result of these behaviours
sleeping too much, fatigue or loss of enegry, significant unintentional weight gain or loss, reduced interest in activities
depressed mood most of the day, reduced self esteem and self confidence, feelings of worthlessness and guilt, sadness
recurrent thoughts of death, pessimistic view of future, ideas of self harm, ideas of guilt and worthlessness
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performing certain actions in a certain way, repeating an activity a certain number of times
intrusive thoughts, the presence of obsessions/compulsions, fear of something
intrusive negative thoughts, thoughts that is an actions is performed something bad will happen
to combat these feelings and actions CBT focuses on changing negative and unrealistic thoughts causing distress and problems.
medication can also be taken to help reduce the symptoms of depression
SSRI's (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors )