sport psychology

SELF-EFFICACY

GROUP DYNAMICS

ANXIETY/AROUSAL

MOTIVATION

AGGRESSION

characteristics

collective identity - team is recognised easily e.g. wearing the same kit

interaction - team members operate in their own role successfully and link with other members

communication - individual players should talk to each other

shared goal or purpose - all players should want to aim for the same goal to gave maximum motivation

Tuckman

  1. forming

NEED ACHIEVEMENT THEORY

NACH

persistent, confident, relaxed, competitive, intrinsically motivated

persistent during adversity, prepare well, belief in effort

NAF

pessimistic, anxious, fear of failure, uncompetitive, extrinsically motivated

give up easily, unprepared, belief in luck

contributors

coaches (style), past experiences, significant others, task difficulty

develop NACH

increase chances of success in training, goal setting, attribute success internally, imagery/vicarious learning, democratic coaching style, reinforcement

ACHIEVEMENT GOAL THEORY

competence is based upon how you perceive success

success defined as improvement or beating others

task goal orientated

improvement within the task

ego goal orientated

associated with perseverance, seeking challenges, increased effort, increased enjoyment

all about comparing and beating others

associated with cheating, drop out, decreased enjoyment, increased anxiety

how to increase TGO

motivational climate, increase challenges, cognitive dissonance, enjoyable session, remove competition element

perceives the environment as a chance to fail

perceives the environment as a chance to succeed

DRIVE THEORY

performance and arousal have a positive linear relationship

CUE HYPOTHESIS

CARRONS MODEL

  1. storming
  1. norming
  1. performing

new team, performance is jittery/non-cohesive

formation of cliques, less effort/sacrifice, poor communication, no problem solving

common goals/values are understood, multiple leaders, clear roles and responsibility, performance increases alongside decision making and confidence

actively problem solving, similar to norming but with the ability to overcome set backs

focuses on the factors that might influence cohesion

states that evironemntal, leadership, personal and team factors can influence cohesion

the effects of this will then influence the group and individual outcomes

goal denied

increased frustration

increased arousal

readiness for aggression

cue

aggression

situation specific confidence

vicarious learning

past experiences

verbal persuasion

emotional arousal