9.1 Blood
consist of
plasma
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
straw coloured liquid
transport of carbon dioxide, digested food (nutrients), urea ?, mineral ions, hormones and heat energy
biconcave shape
no nucleus
protein : haemoglobin
side curve inwards
flexible so it squeeze through capillaries
large surface area : pick oxygen quickly
consist of nucleus
main type
phagocyte : engulf microorganism ( phagocytosis)
large cell
lymphocytes : release antibodies to destroy microorganism
to destroy pathogen
helping the blood to clot
platelet gather around the damage area to stop bleeding + protein (plasma) form tangle fine strands ---> trap the RBC and seal wound
capillaries close to cell
exchange material from rbc ---> cell OR cell ---> rbc (diffusion)
diffusion : movement of substance from high [] to low []
discuss oxygen & carbon dioxide
Blood test
sickle cell anaemia
- genetic disease (mutation on DNA)
- faulty Hb ( changes in Hb)
stiff & sickle shape (long thin C-shapes)
- tend to get stuck in narrow blood vessels
- cause tissue damage
- blocking the flow of blood
- strokes, blindness, or damage to the lungs, kidneys, or heart
malaria
- caused by protozoa
- lives in RBC & feed on Hb
reproduce & burst
- infected RBC sticky together and block vessel
Sleeping sickness
cause by protozoa
spend life in blood
causes
fever
haedaches
joint pains
itching
invade brain
tired
confuses