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CHAPTER 2 : EVOLVEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 2 : EVOLVEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
When did it all start?
1940's
Employers exert for law
1940 first law but not enforced due to Japanese invasion
1938-1941 - most organizations for workers come into existence and function as societies
Trade Union Enactment 1940 - delayed implementation due to Japanese invasion
1945 - nuerous trade unions and association were formed by workers
example: Communist Controlled General Labour Union (GLU) for employees in all trades and industries
July 1946 - Trade Union Enactment come into force
1946's
Government set up
Trade Union Enactment
Impact of Trade Union Enactment
Restrict power
Restrict the size of trade union
Limit the involvement of Communist Party
Control trade union movement
Appoint Registrar of trade union
3 clauses
All trade union must be registered
Federation of trade unions can only be formed by unions in the same industry
Unions official had to have been employed for minimum 3 years in the industry they represent
Trade Union Advisor Department
1930's
Newly formed unions
No legislation on trade union and trade union activity
Several strikes. The Selangor Rubber workers Union call for general strike of all rubber workers in the state. Strikes spread to Penang, Malacca and Johore and into cooliery supplied to tin mines and railways.
Main demand : Increase in wage & other demand: Operate trade unions legally
1923 & 1927 - the cooperation the communist and nationalism party
1920's (BEFORE INDEPENDENCE)
Emergence of Trade Union
Development of estates and tin mines
Labour movement by Comunist Party of Malaya
There's no trade union
The rights of the worker are not being protected
Only getting food and wages
AFTER INDEPENDENCE
Prior to 1965
The concept of self-government and autonomy within industry was the key to industrial harmony.
The two sides of industry were encouraged to regulate their collective relationship
The voluntary system of industrial relations patterned along the British system
Intervention confined mainly to providing a legal frame-work.in accordance with the Industrial Courts Ordinance, 1948 and the Trade Disputes Ordinance 1949.
SEPTEMBER 1965
Designed to ensure that trade disputes in certain scheduled services would not lead to disruption of such services.
These Regulations vested in the Minister of Labour certain powers to intervene of his own decision in such disputes and if necessary, to refer them to the Industrial Arbitration Tribunal for settlement.
The Essential (Trade Disputes in Essential
Services) Regulations, 1965 was publicize
The promulgation of the Essential (Trade Disputes in Essential Services) Regulations in 1965 was indeed a turning point in the pattern of industrial relations system in the country.
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Became the first specialized agency of the UN in 1946.
Founded in 1919, in the wake of a destructive war, to pursue a vision based on the premise that universal, lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon decent treatment of working people.
The only 'tripartite' United Nations agency in that it brings together representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies and programmes.
183 Member Countries – MALAYSIA a member
(Objectives & aims)
-Objective are to advancing opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security, and human dignity.
-main aims are to promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues.
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS IN THE MALAYSIAN PUBLIC SECTOR
What is Public Sector?
Relationship between the government and the public sector’s
employees.
the role of the government as an employer in this sector.
Civil service, the statutory bodies and the local authorities
Actors of Industrial Relations System in the Malaysian Public Sector
The Public Service Department
The Public Service Tribunal
Salaries Commissions and Salaries Committees
The Joint Councils – ie; National Joint Councils
TUA has outlined some restrictions imposed on union membership in public sector
Certain groups of public sector employees are not at all permitted to join trade unions i.e. employees in the police force, armed forces, prison services and those in the confidential or security work,
Employees in the professional and managerial group in the public sector are also not allowed to join trade union unless they are exempted by the Chief Secretary to the Government.
An employee of a statutory authority whose membership is not confined exclusively to employees of that particular statutory authority
Any public sector employees who wants to become a member of a trade union can only join those formed by employees in the same department, ministry or occupation.
Employees who hold any post in the Managerial and Professional Group cannot be a member of a union, unless he has been permitted to be a member of one by the Chief Secretary to the Federal Government.
An employee of a financially autonomous local authority whose membership is not confined exclusively to employees of one or more financially autonomous local authorities
Employees who are employed in a confidential or security capacity cannot be a member of a union
Characteristics OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR
Wages and other terms of services are discussed at the national level between government and CUEPACS
Grouped by ministries, departments, statutory bodies, local authorities
Not involved in collective bargaining
Follow the General Orders (PERINTAH AM MALAYSIA)