U1: C4- Dutch Indonesia

Why intervene and colonise Indonesia?

Economic

Social

Political

White Men's Burden

Need for raw materials and cash crops

Build an empire and SOI

Create an environment for investments

What are some policies Dutch implemented?

Culture Policy (1830-1870)

Forced Javanese to plant cash crops and sell them to the Dutch

Caused much suffering for Javanese peasants, like famine

Liberal Policy (1870-1901)

Open up private enterprises

Forced cultivation abolished

Agrarian Law (1870)

Sugar Law (1870)

Ethical Policy (1901-1929)

Helped improve education, irrigation, immigration

People's council created to give locals say in how country should be governed

How did the locals react to Dutch rule?

Padri War (1821-1838)

Java War (1825-1830)

Aceh War (1873-1904)

Balinese Revolts (1906-1912)

Impacts of Dutch rule in Indonesia

Economic

Social

Political

Transfer of power from traditional rulers to Dutch

Centralised administration

Segregation of religious and secular leadership

Local leaders' participation in Western-style politics

Increase in investments

Creation of new industries and plantations

Introduction of modern farming practices

Vulnerable to external economic changes

Creation of smallholdings

Creation of dual economy

Land alienation

Changes in Indonesians' livelihood

Creation of plural society

Creation of western educated elites

Urbanisation

Common language

Deterioration of living standards