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MIND MAP 1, CHARACTERISTIC, TYPE, image, image, image, image, image, What?…

- - - - All atoms are of the same kind
        
        All lattice points are equivalent
      - Bravais Lattice in 2D
        
        Oblique
        
        Rectangular
        
        Centered Rectangular
        
        Hexagonal
        
        Square
      - Bravais Lattice in 3D
        
        14 different Bravais lattice in 3D are classified into 7 crystal system
        
        Triclinic
        
        Monoclinic
        
        Orthorhombic
        
        Tetragonal
        
        Rhombohedral
        
        Hexagonal
        
        Cubic
    - - Atoms can be of different kind
        
        Some lattice points are not equivalent
        
        A combination of one or more BL
- - - - Determine the intercept of the face
        
        Take the reciprocals
        
        Clear fractions
        
        Reduce to lowest terms
  - - - Draw vector
        
        Determine length of vector projection
        
        Remove fraction
        
        Enclose in square bracket
- - - - Atoms or molecules do not bond in range of pressure, temperature and volume
      - Molecules haven't any particular order and move freely within a container
    - - Haven't any atomic/molecular order
      - Applying low levels of thermal energy can break weak bond
    - - Crystal
        
        Equilibrium positions of atoms form a repeated geometrical pattern (periodic)
        
        ex: metals, alloys, semiconductors and some ceramics
      - Consist of atoms/molecules execute themal motion about an equilibrium position fixed at a point in space
      - Have stronger bonds between molecules and atoms than liquids.
      - Take the form of crystalline, polycrystalline, or amorphus materials
      - Polycrystal
        
        Group of crystals called crystallites or grains.
        
        ex: metals, alloys, semiconductors
      - Amorphus
        
        Equilibrium positions of atoms does not form a
        repeated pattern even within short range.
        
        ex: ceramics, glasses
      - Require more energy to break the bonds.
  - - - regular repeated arrangement of atoms, ions, or
        molecules in a metal or other crystalline solid
    - - consists of an atom, a group of atoms or a molecule
    - - Lattice points gives a relative position of a basis replica
      - a and b are basic lattice vector (shortest displacement vector)
- - - - no change in the object
        
        needed for mathematical completeness
        
        every molecule has this operation
    - - Reflection on vertical plane, σs
      - Plane of reflection is in diagonal, σp
      - Reflection on a horizontal plane, σm
    - - Inversion operation on a point via origin (inversion center)
      - A center of symmetry: A point at the center of the molecule.
        (x,y,z) --> (-x,-y,-z)