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The Spanish Conquest - Coggle Diagram
The Spanish Conquest
The Columbian Epic
With the influence of the Dukes of Medinacelli and Medinasidonia, Christopher Columbus managed to get closer to the Catholic kings: Fernando de Aragón and Isabel de Castilla.
To start the project, the port of Palos was chosen, which had the obligation to supply the crown with the use of two ships. The boats were called: "La Niña", "La pinta" and the flagship, "La Santa María".
After 36 days in the immensity of the ocean, at dawn on Friday, October 12, 1492, a crew member of "La Pinta", named Rodrigo Sánchez de Triana, gave the expected cry of "Earth".
On his second voyage, with a fleet of 1,500 men, he set sail from the port of Chalice in September 1493, where he managed to explore several islands in the Antilles, including Jamaica.
On his third trip, Columbus reaches the island of Trinidad and the coast of Venezuela, from the Orinoco River.
The famous navigator, made a fourth voyage, and in 1502, after reaching the Antilles, he traveled the coasts of Central America, from Cape Gracias a Dios in Honduras, to the Isthmus of Panama.
Foundation of the cities of Panama and Nombre de Dios
On the morning of August 15, 1519, Assumption day, with all the formal ceremonial, a city is founded, in the name of Queen JUANA DE CASTILLA and her son, King CARLOS, to which the name of Our Lady of the Assumption of Panama.
On September 15, 1521, King Carlos V by means of a Royal Certificate issued in Burgos, granted the population of Panama the title of City and a coat of arms.
At the end of 1519, Captain Diego De Albitres was ordered to repopulate Nombre de Dios, founded by Diego De Nicuesa, in order to have a population that would serve as a base in the north of the Isthmus, since Acla did not provide adequate facilities.
Conquest Expeditions to other Points of the Isthmus
The land expedition traveled the coasts of the current provinces of Chiriquí and Veraguas.
Founded in Panama City, GASPAR DE ESPINOZA continued with the exploration of the Isthmus.
Panama and the conquest of Peru
On November 14, 1524, the first of three expeditions led by Pizarro left for Peruvian lands. However, it did not reach its destination. The second expedition left Panama in 1526, which had several setbacks.
With an expedition of 280 men, Pizarro left Panama again in 1531. On this occasion, he managed to reach the lands of the Inca Empire and in less than a year, he managed to dominate all of it.
Arrival of the Spanish in Panama
Christopher Columbus arrives on Panamanian shores during his fourth trip, in which he travels from Cabo Gracias a Dios in Honduras to the Isthmus of Panama. But the first of the Spanish colonizers to visit Panamanian lands is the notary public Rodrigo de Bastidas.
The Governments of Nueva Andalucía and Castilla de Oro
In 1508, King Ferdinand the Catholic decided to divide the continental territory between Cabo de la Vela and Cabo Gracias a Dios, into two entities, whose boundary point was the Gulf of Urabá. Ojeda was entrusted with the eastern portion called Nueva Andalucía, while Nicuesa was entrusted with the western portion, with the name of Castilla de Oro.
Foundation of Santa María de la Antigua De Darién
Santa María la Antigua del Darién was the first city founded in Tierra Firme, in the American continent, located in the Caribbean Sea; in the Darien region, currently between Panama and Colombia. It was founded by Vasco Núñez de Balboa in 1510.
Misfortunes of Governor Diego de Nicuesa
On March 1, 1511, the colonists transferred Nicuesa to a ship in poor condition and without sufficient supplies and left it at sea. Only 17 people wanted to follow the fate of the Governor of Castilla de Oro. To date, it has not been possible to infer what happened to Diego De Nicuesa and his companions in misfortune.
Discovery of the South Sea
The few who followed Núñez de Balboa entered the Chucunaque river mountain ranges on the 25th, according to reports from the natives at the top of this mountain range the sea could be seen, so Núñez de Balboa went ahead of the rest of the expedition members, and before noon he managed to reach the top and contemplate far on the horizon, the waters of the unknown sea.
The Government of Pedro Arias de Dávila
At the end of 1515, Governor Pedrarias Dávila himself led an expedition, which landed on the north coast of the Isthmus. In that place, he arranged to found a population that would serve as the base of the road, with another population that would be founded in the South Sea. It was given the name of Acla, which in the indigenous language means "bones", due to the large amount of skeleton found in the immediate plains.
The First Diocese of Tierra Firme
In 1511 the first three Latin American episcopal sees were created: Santo Domingo (elevated to the dignity of Archdiocese in 1546); Concepción de la Vega on the Island of Hispaniola (suppressed in 1528) and San Juan de Puerto Rico.
Indigenous resistance against the Spanish
Since the arrival of Christopher Columbus on his fourth voyage, the Spaniards came into conflict with the natives, led by the chief Quibian, who managed to revolt the other tribes against the population founded by the east of Santa María de Belén, forcing the colonizers to abandon it.
The Duchy of Veraguas
In 1536, Luis Colón, the Admiral's grandson, received from the Emperor CARLOS V, an area of 25 square leagues in the region that today occupies the Province of Veraguas. which was excluded from the government of Castilla de Oro. This territory was given the nomenclature of Ducado de Veraguas.
Studies for the Opening of a Canal on the Isthmus
During the mandate of Governor PEDRO DE LOS RIOS, the exploration of the Chagres River began, in order to take advantage of its flow for a future interoceanic route.