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Chapter 9 Mindmap By Sharon Yan Jiang - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 9 Mindmap By Sharon Yan Jiang
What does the research tell us about effective writing instruction for ELLs?
The writing development process for ELLs is similar to the process for proficient English speakers.
ELLs' ability to express themselves in written English is highly dependent on their level of oral English proficiency.
Students with literacy skills in their home language can transfer many of these skills to English writing.
English oral language skills have little impact on English word-level writing skills.
English oral language skills have a strong impact on English text-level writing skills.
Age and prior knowledge affect ELL's writing ability in English.
What does a theory of second language writing include?
(Ferris and Hedgcock 2014): The focus was on the application of grammar rules to write well-formed sentences and narrow paragraphs.
(1976) Educators and theorists began to focus on more on the process writers use and the stages of writing, leading to the writer's workshop instructional approach.
(Escamilla, Butvilofsky & Hope-well 2017) Research and practice began to look holistically at the ways students draw on their home language and English as they develop their writing skills.
Trans-lingual practice is used to highlight the ways bilingual students draw on all of their linguistic resources as they produce written texts in English and other languages.
(Butvilofsky's 2013) Literacy Squared approach also look holistically at the writing development of emerging bilinguals.
How does writing related to oral language and reading?
(Kroll 1993) Teaching writing is teaching reading. Page238
Reading can be used as a springboard for a topic to write about. (See examples on Page 238)
Short newspaper or magazine articles on controversial topics can be effective in motivating older students to write a response and express their own opinions.
Readings can provide background information and source materials for students to write about a specific topic.
Readings can be used as a model of a particular writing feature for students to imitate.
How can state college-and-career-readiness standards and English language development standards from WIDA, ELPA21, and individual states guide writing instruction for ELLs?
Common Core State Standards for Writing
Promoting Writing Development for ELLs in the classroom.
Using English Language Proficiency Standards to Guide Writing Instruction.
Writing to, with, and by English Language Learners
a. Model Writing
b.Shared Writing
c. Guided Writing
d. Interactive Writing
e. Journals
f. Process Writing and Writer's Workshop
. Prewriting
.Drafting
. Revising
. Editing
g. Scaffolding for Independent Writing
5 more items...
Writing across the curriculum
Writing with Technology
a. Word Processing
b. Online Message Boards
c. Key Pals (Email and Instant Messaging)
d. Multimedia Presentations
e. Blogs, Tweets and Wikis
f. Digital Storytelling
How can an assessment of ELLs' writing strengths and needs inform a teacher's choice of instructional approaches, methods and strategies?
Standardized high-stakes writing exams
Classroom-Based Writing Assessment
a. holistic scoring
b. analytic scoring
c. primary trait and multi-trait scoring
d. 6+1 Trait Writing
Portfolio Assessment
Peer Assessment and Self-Assessment
(See Writing Checklist on Page 269)