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Chapter 7 - Transport Layer - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 7 - Transport Layer
Transportation of Data
Role
Establishing temporary communication session between two applications and delivering data
Protocols
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Responsibilities
Tracking the individual communication between applications on source and destination hosts
Segmenting data and reassembling segmented data into streams of application data at destination
Identifying the proper application for each
communication stream
Conversation Multiplexing
Segmenting the Data
Enables many users to access the network at the same time
Provides the means to both send and receive data when running multiple applications
Header added to each segment to identify it.
Reliability
TCP
Provides reliable delivery ensuring that all of the data arrives at the destination.
Uses acknowledged delivery and other processes to ensure delivery
Makes larger demands on the network – more overhead
UDP
Provides just the basic functions for delivery – no reliability
Less overhead
Factors in Choosing UDP or TCP
Trade-off between the value of reliability and the burden it places on the network.
Applications Requirement
Introducing TCP and UDP
TCP
Connection-oriented
Reliable delivery
Ordered data reconstruction
Flow control
Stateful protocol
RCF 793
Application
HTTP
FTP
SMTP
Telnet
UDP
RCF 768
Connectionless
Unreliable delivery
No ordered data reconstruction
No flow control
Stateless protocol
Applications
Domain Name System (DNS)
Video Streaming
Voice over IP (VoIP)
Netstat
Used to examine TCP connections that are open and running on a networked host
TCP Communication
Three-Way Communication
Verifies that the destination device has an active service and is accepting requests
Informs the destination device that source client intends to establish a communication session on that port number.
The initiating client requests a client-to-server communication session with the server
The server acknowledges the client-to-server communication session and requests a server-to-client communication session.
The initiating client acknowledges the server-to-client communication session.
Sends FIN
Receives ACK
Receives FIN
Sends ACK
Reliability and Flow Control
TCP Reliability
Ordered Delivery
Sequence numbers used to reassemble segments into original order
Acknowledgement and Window Size
The sequence number and acknowledgement number are used together to confirm receipt.
Window Size: Amount of data that a source can transmit before an acknowledgement get received
Congestion Avoidance
UDP Communication
Datagram Reassembly
UDP Server and Client Processes