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Reproductive System Miranda Mora-Casillas p.5 - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive System Miranda Mora-Casillas p.5
Anatomy of Male reproductive structures
testes
primary sex organ
coverings of testes
Tunica albuginea
capsule surronding the testes
Septa (septum)
extension of capsule that extend into testes & divides it into lobules
contains seminiferous tubules which are tight coiled structures that are sperm-producing factories
found surrounding these tubules are interstitial (leydig) cells that produce testosterone
Ductus System (delivery of sperm)
Epididymis
comma-shaped, tightly coiled tube
functions to mature & store sperm
Ductus Deferens (vas deferens)
carries sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct
urethra
extends from urinary bladder to tip of penis
carries sperm and urine; not at same time
accessory organs
Bulbourethral gland
5% of semen
aka Cowper's gland
Prostate Gland
secretes milky fluid that activates sperm
25% of semen
Seminal vesicle
produces seminal fluid containg sperm
located at base of urinary bladder
60% of semen
external genitalia
Penis
tubular organ through which distal portion of urethra passes
delivers semen into female reproductive tract
delivers urine to exterior
root, shaft, glans penis, prepuce (foreskin)
Scrotum
divided sac pf skin outside abdomen that holds testes
regulated temperature of testes for sperm viability
Major Functions
Female
production of female gamete (egg)
preparation for support of developing embryo during pregnancy
delivery of female gamete- ductus system
uterine (fallopian tubes), uterus, vagina
Male
fertilization
fusion of egg & sperm that produces a zygote
produce male gamete
sperm
delivery of sperm to egg (ovum)
ductus system
epididymus, Ductus deferens (vas deferens), urethra
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Ductus System (delivery of female gamete)
Uterine (fallopian) tube
receive ovulated oocyte
site for fertilization
doesn't physically attach to ovary
Vagina
Uterus
receive oocyte from ovary
noursig and retain gertilized egg
body, fundus (area where uterine tube hovers), cervix
External Genitalia
monpubis
Vestibule
Labia
Clitoris
Ovaries
female gonad
primary female sex organ
contains follicle that release the oocyte
Events of female hormonal cycles
Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle
Proliferative Phase
Day 6-14
estrogen stimulates growth of endometrium
uterus is preparing for egg to get caught and be implanted in wall.
Secretory Phase
Day 15-18
rising levels of progesterone by corpus luteum, uterus becomes ready for pregnancy
uterine glands enlarge & secrete nutrients for embryo until embryo occurs
if pregnancy doesn't occur LH and progesterone levels decline leading to menstrual phase
Menstruation
Day 1-5
decline in estrogen and progesterone and cells are dead and are shed
bleeding lasts 3-5 days
Ovarian Cycle
Ovulation
day 14
triggered by spike in LH caused by steady increase in estrogem
slight rise in progesterone just before ovulation
Graafian follicle releases the oocyte
Luteal Phase
Day 15-28
when follicle expels oocyte the shell becomes the corpus luteum
corpus luteum secretes progesterone, some estrogen and inihibn which suppresses FSH
if pregnancy occurs corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone & estrogen
Follicular Phase
Day 1-14
from beginning of menstruation until ovulation
follicular cells secrete estrogen to become secondary follicle
only one follicle become graafian follicle (eventually becomes egg that is released
Disorders associated with reproductive system
STD's
HPV
PID
Scabies
AIDS
Trichomoniasis
Crabs/Pubic LIce
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Syphilis
Prostate Cancer
symptoms: may have none at early stage, in advance stages will have trouble urinating, blood in semen, bone pain
treatment: can include chemo, radiation, hormone therapy, surgery
Hormones of reproductive system
Female
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRh)
released by hypothalamus, stimulated the anterior pituitary gland to release LH & FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
stimulates development & maturation of primary follicle into secondary follicle
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
spike of this hormone triggers ovulation of most mature follicle
released by pituitary gland
Estrogen
primary female sex hormone by follicle
thickening of uterine wall
Progesterone
triggers suppression of the hypothalamus from releasing GnRH
helps maintain pregnancy
growth of uterine wall to get ready for implantation
Inhibin
hormone that decreases the release of FSH by anterior pituitary gland
Male
androgens
is secreted by interstitial (leydig) cells surrounding seminiferous tubules
testosterone
secreted by Leydig cells
FSH
important for sperm production
LH
stimulates production of testosterone