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neuro/cognition: hemorrhagic CVA - Coggle Diagram
neuro/cognition: hemorrhagic CVA
Risks
Age
HTN
bacterial infection
congenital defects (AVM)
S&S
Sudden severe headache
atypical headaches can occur in weeks leading up to rupture event
vomiting/nausea
dizzyness
S&S ischemic stroke
sudden change in LOC/collapse
neck stiffness
complications
Death
vasospasm of cerebral arteries
coma
cognitive deficits
hemiplegia/paresis
gydrocephalus
seizure
treatment
Medication: focuses vasoactive drugs to control vasospasm and fluid admin to restore volume
mechanical dilation of vessels is also used in the recovery period to treat vasospasm
Surgery is common to repair aneurism via clipping of the site and surgical excision of AVM if accessible.
diagnostics
CT scan is primary method to determine if CVA is hemorrhagic, additionally angiography can be used to detect aneurysm. MRI also used but is less specific.
While not diagnostics some labs can be helpful during the treatment phase such as CBC
Cerebral blood vessel ruptures causing a bleeding event in the brain. This increases swelling and pressure in the cranium. Increased pressure alone can cause ischemia as pressure occludes additional vessels and directly damages cells. Additionally blood supply is lost to cells distal from the bleeding site causing ischemia/infarction from loss of blood supply. As cell death occurs various bodily functions are lost/disrupted. If bleeding is not quickly stopped death commonly occurs.