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The Reproductive System by: Lizbet Reyes - Coggle Diagram
The Reproductive System
by: Lizbet Reyes
Female
Ovaries also produce hormones that help in the development of the reproductive organs and give rise to the secondary sexual characteristics
When an ovum matures the follicle enlarges and then ruptures to release the mature ovum
Ovaries the female gonads, small and almond shaped and are attached to the uterus by ligaments
Contains thousands of small sacs called follicles with each follicle containing an immature ovum
Occurs ususally 28 days
Uterus
Inner layer
Endometrium has a layer of specialized epithelium which provides for implantation of the fertilized ovum and helps aid in the development of the growing fetus.
If fertilization doesn't occur, endometrium deteriorates and causes menstruation.
Divided into 3 section
Fundus
The top portion
Body (Corpus)
Middle Section
Cervix
Narrow bottom section, which attaches to the vagina
Middle layer (Myometrium)
~Allows for the expansion of the uterus during pregnancy and contracts to expel baby
Hollow muscular organ that is pear shaped
Outer layer
~is a serous membrane
Task: Organ of menstruation,allows the development and growth of the fetus and contracts to aid in the expulsion of the fetus during birth
Fallopian Tubes
The ends have finger like projections which helps move the ovum
Task: Serves as a passageway for the ovum as the ovum moves down toward the uterus. This is where fertilization takes place.
2 tubes that are 5 inches long and attached to the upper part of the uterus.
Vagina
Vagina muscular tube that connects the cervix of the uterus to the outside of the body
Task: Serves as a passageway for the menses, receives sperm and semen from the males, and is the organ of corpulation and acts as a birth canal.
Lines with a mucous Membrane with a rugae that allows the vagina to expand for childbirth and intercourse
Barthdins glands each side of the vaginal openings
Secrets mucous for lubrications for intercourse
Reproductive System
Function is to produce life
Although the anatomic parts are different in males and females, they both have the same type of organs
Consists of gonads and accessory organs
gonads are the sex glands (tests and ovaries)
Ducts (tubes) that carry the sex cells and the secretions.
Male
Prostate gland
A donut shaped gland that produces an alkaline secretion that increases the sperm motility and neutralizes the acidity in the vagina.
During ejaculation the muscular tissue in the prostate gland contracts to help the expulsion of the semen into the urethra
Cowpers glands located under the prostate
Tasks: Secrete a mucus that serves as a lubricant for intercourse and alkaline fluid which decreasesbthat acidity of urine the resides in the urethra
Testes
Produce male sex cells or spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules that are in each testes and hormones like testosterone
Scotum
Is the sac suspended between the 2 thighs and this is where the testes are housed
Located outside the body, the temp is lower, which is a must for sperm production
Epididymis
Its job is to store sperm while they mature and become motile
Produces a fluid that becomes part of the semen and connects qith the next tube.
Where the sperm go after they develop in the seminiferous tubules. It is a tightly coiled tube that is around 20 feet long.
Vas deferens
Task: Passageway and temporary storage area for perm
Also the tube that gets cut in a vasectomy
Receives sperm and fluid from the epididymis, it goes up into the abdominal cavity and cures behind the bladder and joins with the seminal vesicle.
Seminal vesicles
2 small pouch like tubes that have a glandular lining that produces a thick yellow fluid that provides nutrients for the sperm. This fluid is a large makeup of semen.
Ejaculatory ducts
2 short tubes that are formed from the union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles
Task: Carry sperm and fluid known collectively as semen though the prostate gland and 9
Penis
External male organ that is responsible for depositing semen in the vagina, and the elimination of urine
Diseases and abnormal conditions for the male and male reproductive disorders
Orchitis
S/S-Swelling of the scrotum, pain, fever
Lead to atrohy of the tests, usually causes sterility
Treatment-Antibiotics, antipyretics, scrotal support, and pain meds
An inflammation of the tests, usually caused by mumps, pathogens, or injury
Prevention includes mumps vaccination and using measures to prevent STDs
Epididymis
S/S- Intense pain in the testes, swelling and fever
Frequently occurs with a UTI, or prostate infection, mumps,or a STD
Inflammation of the epididymis
Caused by gonococcus, strep, or staph
If not treated can cause scarring and sterility
Treatments- Antibiotics, cold applications,scrotal support, and pain meds
Prostatic Hypertrophy or hyperplasis
Is an enlargement of the prostate gland
Common in men over 50 and it can be benign caused by inflammation, a tumor, or a change in hormonal activity or a cancerous condition.
Treatment-Fluid restriction, antibiotics, and prostatic massage, prostatectomy, or a trans urethral resection.
S/S-Difficulty in starting to urinate, frequent urination, nocturia, dribbling, UTI, and when urethra is blocked urinary retention,
Testicular Cancer
Cancer of the testes, usually occurs in men 20-35
Highly malignant and can spread rapidly
S/S- Painless swelling of the testes, a heavy feeling and an accumulation of fluid
Treatments- Orchiectomy
Recommended start self exams at the age of 15
Prostate Cancer
Can have the same symptoms as prostatic hypertrophy or it may not have any symptoms.
A screening PSA can detect a substance released by the cancer cells and aid in early detection
Digital exam may show a hard, abnormal mass in the prostate gland
Biopsy will diagnose it
If cancer prostatectomy radiation, and estrogen therapy are main treatments.