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Urbanization, :, The increased demand for water from the growing…
Urbanization
Urbanization Trends
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Urbanization in Ethiopia
Economic Growth
Economic growth is highly associated with urbanization in the region as a significant percent of GDP comes from cities
urbanization allows for job opportunities which help individual incomes (GDP Per capita)aswell as higher education rates in the region
Least urbanized Region
Ethiopias urban growth right is increasingly large growing 4% a year, placing it one of the highest in Africa and the world
Addis Ababa accounts for a large percent of Ethiopias entire urbanization ( 25%) as most of the impacts and effect are reflected in this capital. Follwed by the next largest city dire diwa
There are different levels of urbanization in the region. Most of these urban settlements have a population of 2,000-4,999 (399) people while very little have ones above 200,000 (4) people
Effects of Urbanisation
The constant increaase in urban populatuion has caused more peri urban areas to be more frequent than urban centers
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Natural environments is at risk of degradation as a result to these urbanization plans and developments
Causes of Urbanization
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Rural to Urban Migration
People are moving away from rural areas because of poor health care and limited educational and economic opportunities as well as environmental changes, droughts, floods, lack of availability of sufficiently productive.
Younger people are more likely to move to towns, while elders are left in the rural areas. Men are also more likely to move to towns, which leaves most of the females' in the rural areas.
employment opportunities in cities is a large reason many move to larger and more developed areas rather than staying in rural areas, many industries are located in cities and high wages along with a wide range of educational opportunities exist in larger developed cities.
Impacts of Urbanization
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Health
The benefits of urbanization are better and quicker access to healthcare. They can go to a doctor in one day rather than going on a days journey to seek healthcare.
Another benefit of urbanization is the access to education on family planning, which can result in smaller families and less frequent childbirth
Wastes and Pollution
Urbanization affects water, air, and wildlife because of the number of people and the number of buildings, and the demand for resources producing pollution.
This waste is usually thrown away into rivers and on the streets causing many health issues and concerns for the environment
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Solid waste is often thrown away without special care resulting in the release of toxic chemicals and potential underground water pollution that is used for drinking
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Food
Sustainable food production is harder to achieve with the land that could be used for fields being used to expand cities
Pollution from urban areas greatly effects agricultural and food production. Example: Untreated waste water that ends up in rivers effects fish stocks
More pressure is being put on farmers that are meant to provide the food for growing city populations since they aren't able to sustain themselves
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The increased demand for water from the growing population can place added stress on already stretched resources.
In developing countries, about a third of urban inhabitants live in impoverished slums and squatter settlements
Becuase of the rapid move from rural settlements to urban ones, there is not only positive but also negative effects such as crime becuase of the struggle of income that a companies it. And because of this vast difference in income, there are also social classes created.
The social classes leads to divided living areas and to a divide in community in these areas and can lead to further crimes and tension between these different areas