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THE 17th CENTURY, image, image, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle…
THE 17th CENTURY
Society
The different rates at which the economies developed also caused social differences
Atlantic Protestant Europe
Bourgeois traders prospered through the craft and trade industries
They became more powerful
Southern Catholic Europe
The economy barely recovered
The nobility and the clergy maintained their positions of power
Continued to reject the craft and trade industries, and any other manual work they considered undignified
Society was divided into various classes
Nobility
Did not pay any taxes
They had political or military obligations but mainly dedicated their time to hunting and social events
They lived in palaces and obtained rents or income from their lands
Haute bourgeoisie
Consisted of important traders, bankers and high public officials
They continued to prosper, especially in certain countries
Petite bourgeoisie
Included artisans, small-scale traders and labourers
They were disadvantaged by having to pay taxes and badly affected by the crises
Peasants
Formed the majority of the population
Whose situation was very precarious
They became very vulnerable during agricultural crises and many of them had to resort to begging
Beggars
They increased in number
They lived in the cities and had to beg or depend on charity to survive
Spanish society
Spain had one of the largest clergies in Europe
Church continued to play a very important role in the society
Differences began to appear in nobility
The higher nobility
They maintened their power
The lower improverished nobility
The pucheros consisted of the bourgeoisie
Poor
Lives at the city
Worked for the nobility
Pesants
Became poorer
Those who owned the land had tosell it to the nobility
The bourgeoisie hardly grew in number due to the crisis inthe craft and trade industries
The economy in the 17th century
The european economy
There was an agricultural crisis
Agriculture was the main economic activity and was seriously affected by some factors
Plagues and other epidemics
Farmers migrated to the cities to avoid paying taxes
Agricultural techniques were outdated
Wars
There were years of bad harvests
When agricultural production decreased, prices rose and the majority of the population did not have enough food
This situation is called a subsistence crisis
Hunger spread
Resulting in a decrease in the population or demographic decline throughout Europe
In the second half of the century the situation improved slightly
Increase in the population
By the end of this century, the population had increased to the same level that it was at the beginning
This factors enabled this recovery to occur
There were fewer wars
There was a growth in colonial trade
The textile industry grew in some countries
The monarchs intervened in the economy
Increase the amount of precious metals entering their kingdoms and prevent them from entering other countries
Protect national industries by taxing imported products
The economic crisis in Spain
The Spanish monarchy became involved in more wars than the other European powers
Agricultural crisis
Demographic decline
The agricultural crisis and the decline in the population
The expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609 meant that more than 300 000 people left the Peninsula
Many farmers left the countryside due to the hard way of life
Pícaros became more predominant
Others migrated to America in order to escape poverty
The trade and craft industry crisis
While other kingdoms were creating and expanding their colonial empires
the Spanish monarchy ran out of resources from the America
There was a crisis in the craft industry
Spanish manufactured products were not competitively priced in comparison to other countries
Trade with the Americas also decreased
