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Informative Speeches, MURNI ATHIRAH TESL 1 - Coggle Diagram
Informative Speeches
Researching an Informative Speech Topic
Find sources that are objective, balanced, and credible. (Periodicals, books, newspapers, and credible websites)
Take time to find engaging information
find novel information (atypical or unexpected, but it takes more skill and effort to locate)
Find proxemic and relevant information and examples.
Better to engage your topic at a level slightly below your audience’s knowledge level than above
Try to include some practical “takeaways” in your speech
Choosing an Informative Speech Topic
Choose a topic that can engage and educate the audience
Based on three levels
Formal level
Occur when an audience has assembled specifically to hear what you have to say
Only people who have accomplished or achieved much are asked to serve as keynote speakers
Usually speak about their experiences
Include subject matter from several of these categories (objects, people, events, processes, concepts, and issues)
Example: being invited to speak to a group during a professional meeting, a civic gathering
Voctional level
as part of careers
convey detailed information about a process, concept, or issue relevant to a specific career
Example: Teachers giving lecturer, Technicians conveys info on machine specifications and safety procedures
Impromptu level
convey information daily in our regular interactions
Example: explain a local custom to an international students and giving direction for new students
Speeches
About objects convey information about any nonhuman material things
Strive to pick an object that your audience may not be familiar with or interesting facts about a familiar object.
About people focus on real or fictional individuals who are living or dead
Introduce a new person to the audience or share little-known or surprising information about a person we already know
About issues provide objective and balanced information about a disputed subject or a matter of concern for society
View themselves as objective reporters
Should seek to teach or raise the awareness of the audience.
About concepts, as they focus on ideas or notions that may be abstract or multifaceted.
A concept can be familiar to us, like equality, or could literally be a foreign concept
Use the strategies discussed in this book for making content relevant and proxemic to your audience to help make abstract concepts more concrete.
About events focus on past occasions or ongoing occurrences (A particular day in history, an annual observation, or a seldom occurring event)
About people (provide a backstory for the event, but avoid rehashing commonly known information)
About processes provide a step-by-step account of a procedure or natural occurrence.
Speakers may walk an audience through, or demonstrate, a series of actions that take place to complete a procedure
Effective Informative Speaking
Avoiding Persuasion
Persuasive speeches rely on some degree of informing to substantiate the reasoning
Informative speeches, meant to secure the understanding of an audience, may influence audience members’ beliefs, attitudes, values, or behaviors
How to determine
-Speaker purpose (should be to create understanding by sharing objective, factual information)
-Function of information (to clarify and explain in an informative speech)
-Audience perception (the information being presented is not controversial or disputed, which will lead audience members to view the information as factual)
Avoiding Information Overload
A barrier to effective listening that occurs when a speech contains more information than an audience can process
Adapt your message to make it more listenable
Requires a speaker to be a good translator of information
Engaging Your Audience
Complementing good supporting material with a practiced and fluent delivery increases credibility and audience engagement
Repackaging information into concrete familiar examples
Include a focus on learning within your audience adaptation (Use visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles)
Organizing and Supporting an Informative Speech
Organizational Patterns
Topical, chronological and spatial
To organize a speech topically, you break a larger topic down into logical subdivisions
Speeches organized chronologically trace the development of a topic or overview the steps in a process
Speeches organized spatially convey the layout or physical characteristics of a location or concept
Methods of Informing
Definition - through synonyms and antonyms, use or function, example, and etymology
Description - creating verbal pictures for your audience
Good descriptions are based on good observations
If descriptions are vivid and well written, they can actually invoke a sensory reaction in your audience
Demostration - gives verbal directions about how to do something while also physically demonstrating the steps
crucial that a speaker be familiar with the content of their speech and the physical steps necessary for the demonstration
Explanation - sharing how something works, how something came to be, or why something happened
useful when a topic is too complex or abstract to demonstrate
break the topic up into manageable units, avoid information overload, and include examples
works well with speeches about processes, events, and issues
Goal: to teach an audience something using objective factual information.
MURNI ATHIRAH
TESL 1