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PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - Coggle Diagram
PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Plant growth
The growth of plants occurs through the action of a region of rapidly dividing and differentiating tissue, known as an apical meristem.
A plant bud is a complex compound structure.
Buds
The smallest, least developed leaf or floral primordia occur in the center of a bud, while
The older, larger, more developed ones occur on the outside and curve up and envelop the younger ones. In the center of a bud,
In the center of a bud, beneath the youngest primordia, lies the meristematic tissue.
The dormant buds of many woody plants are protected by several tough, overlapping structures known as bud scales.
A low concentration of auxins streams down the shoot from the bud at its apex, serving to inhibit the
growth of buds lower on the stem (apical dominance).
Plants can also grow via non-sexual reproduction, in which a "daughter cell" develops as a direct growth from the parent.
Climatic Factors
Greatest effects on plant growth
Precipitation
Amount of moisture that plants require varying greatly. Desert plants can survive on little water and may perish if over-watered, while other plants need continuously moist growing conditions.
Humidity
Temperature
Seasonal ranges of temperature
can be tolerated.
Light
Growth; the intensity and duration of light controls the growth and flowering of plants. Insufficient light results in the rate of photosynthesis being insufficient to allow the plant to grow and flower.
Wind
Orientation to light
(phototrophism) is a well-known example of plant trophism.
Soil
If the soil does not have the proper combination of nutrients, organic matter, and moisture, plants will not grow well.
Some soils are rich with clay, while others are sandy or rocky. Clay soils are heavy and tend to drain water poorly.
Plant roots to become waterlogged and oxygen-starved.
Other important soil factors include the acidity or alkalinity of the soil
Addition of fertilizers that meet the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and trace-element needs of the plants.
Organic farming
Food animals, or both are grown using natural methods of maintaining fertility of the soil, including methods of pest control other than synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
Soil fertility is a function of two major characteristics: the tilth of the soil, and the ability of the soil to supply essential nutrients to crop plants.