Epenthesis
Definition: Inserting an additional sound in the middle of a word
Characteristics: Pronouncing both letters and inserting a vowel sound in between
Examples: "Puh-lace" for place 
Non-Examples: One-syllable words or sounds
Elision
Definition: Sounds that are omitted from the pronunciation of a word
Characteristics: Words that are easier in everyday speech due to omission
Examples: Saying "mac'n'cheese" instead of "mac and cheese"
Non-Examples: Metathesis, when sounds are rearranged in a word (iron and iern)
Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)
Definition: Social skills students use in everyday life when socializing on the playground, cafeteria, and outside of school.
Characteristics: Developed quickly, context driven
Examples: Social skills in everyday life, small talk, greetings, talking about weather, etc.
Non-Examples: Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP), words that are heavily relied on formalized rules.
Examples: Compare, classify, synthesize, evaluate, and infer.
Definition: Language needed for academic work and study.
Characteristics: Understanding both formal language of academics and vocabulary of critical thinking and problem solving.
Non-Examples: Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
Simple Present
Definition: Used to talk about habits and unchanging general truths and facts.
Characteristics: two types: singular and plural. Singular form is used with singular nouns and he she and it. Usually ends in -s. Plural form is used with plural nounds and I you we and they..
Examples: The singular form usually ends in -s (Roberto eats lunch at noon). The plural form usually ends without an -s (Roberto and Sandra eat lunch at noon).
Non-Examples: Simple past (He hoped for a big win).